Several subtraction algorithms are analyzed to see if they involve borrowing. The main focus is on an analysis of a procedure called the residue method. The operational arithmetic which underlies the symbolic manipulations is examined and conditions where the method does and does not use borrowing are highlighted. (MP)

The hypothesis investigated is that understanding of the long division algorithm requires a higher cognitive level than understanding of fundamental division concepts. Sixth-grade children were tested on performance and understanding of a given algorithm and concepts of division. (MP)

Data indicated that high percentages of fifth- through eighth-grade low achievers had high algorithm confidence for the operations of addition, subtraction, and multiplication. A substantial proportion in each grade expressed a low degree of confidence in their computational method for division. (CM)

Some techniques for developing the ability to multiply and divide by powers of ten with ease and understanding are presented. (Author/MK)

A process for helping students in the elementary grades develop their own algorithms for subtraction with carrying is described. Pupils choose their own times and ways to move from manipulative materials to written notation. (MP)

Examines notion of algorithms and describes variety of roles they take in educational endeavors. Problems in their development and application are explored, and implications for future use and research are presented. References are included. (BK)

Computer science education for the liberal arts student has both a practical value (creating an intelligent consumer) and an appreciative value (teaching algorithmic thinking). A computer literacy course can be structured to harmonize with the aims of liberal education. (SK)

An unusual algorithm for approximating square roots is presented and investigated using techniques common in algebra. The material is presented as a tool to interest high school students in the logic behind mathematics. (MP)

Describes ways in which algorithms which refer to underlying procedures should be represented in order to improve communication in educational and/or training materials. Representations of linear procedures, decision rule procedures, and complex procedures are provided. (MER)

The time at which component skills are taught is studied to see whether it is a significant instructional variable. This research involved the instruction of a multiplication algorithm to 15 below-average first graders. (MP)

A study to determine if "random" or "careless" errors in multiplication made by individual students take on discernible patterns is described. Implications for teaching are discussed. (MK)

A method is presented for determining cube roots on a calculator with square root facility that has a rapid rate of convergence. (MP)

Solutions to difficult equations are illustrated with numerical techniques that can be used easily on calculators. Flowcharts and programs for computers and calculators are included. (MP)

Presents an application of latent growth curve methodology to the analysis of longitudinal developmental change in alcohol consumption of 586 young adults, illustrating three approaches to the analysis of missing data: (1) multiple-sample structural equation modeling procedures; (2) raw maximum likelihood analyses; and (3) multiple modeling and…

States a convenient algorithm for temperature scale conversions and shows how performing the successive steps improves the accuracy of the results. (DDR)