This study examined the effect of graphic organizers on the comprehension of a health education brochure text and compared subjective with objective comprehension measures. Graphic organizers are graphical depictions of relations among concepts in a text. Participants read a brochure text about asthma with and without these organizers, and…

The 15 adapted fairy tales presented in this book were prepared for use in practicing oral reading by a parent and a child, a teacher and a child, or two children, one of whom reads slightly better than the other. The stories in the book are arranged in dialogue format for two readers. The high interest/low readability stories in the book are…

This guide to producing a readable, appealing, and interesting school newsletter is intended for teachers, administrators, and secretaries who might be intimidated and overwhelmed by the task of newsletter production. The guide will help school professionals write, design, and produce a school newsletter that will reach today's busy and…

A study compared six midwestern United States campus newspapers with their respective general circulation newspapers. A content analysis of these publications was designed to determine whether local news stories in daily student newspapers are as readable, interesting, and thorough as those found in general circulation daily newspapers. The daily…

This study investigated the application of the concept of "discourse colony," a written text type, to the analysis of discourse used in English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) testing and teacher education. The discourse colony includes a diverse collection of discourse types whose cohesion comes from their predictable organization (e.g., timetables,…

Two experiments were conducted to determine the emergent reading levels of elementary school students. In the first experiment, 27 third grade and 27 sixth grade students of average reading ability from rural schools in central Florida were given pretest and posttest cloze passages on science materials two readability levels above their grade…

Three main factors in textbook selection for distance education--readability, appropriateness, and availability--are examined in detail, and suggestions for adapting standardized texts to the needs of individual groups are provided. Twelve specific criteria are listed for determining the appropriateness of a text and textual factors influencing…

The Navy has long been aware of a literacy gap existing between the level at which Navy technical documents are written and the reading comprehension level of enlisted personnel. In order to provide guidance in the restructuring of text and the limiting of vocabulary to reduce this gap, the Training Analysis and Evaluation Group developed the…

This extensive review of research on the development of print materials covers text readability, structure of the prose, and organizational and format features of the text. Practical guidelines for developing textual materials that can be supported by empirical research are also presented. Conclusions are then drawn from the literature, and areas…

The review of the literature related to newspaper reading presented in this paper provides a useful background to educators seeking to broaden their understanding of newspaper research and its implications for classroom practice. The research is divided into readability studies, readership studies, and cognition, comprehension, and text analysis…

Eighteen naval fire technicians served as subjects in a study using scenarios to simulate a real world task for assessing the readability of general technical texts. The scenario asked subjects to read a segment of text and to explain to a colleague how the particular component described in the passage functioned. Subjects' summaries were assessed…

A study examined the interaction between reading ability and text format. Subjects were 120 sophomores and juniors enrolled in reading methods courses at Montclair State College (New Jersey) who were divided into two equal groups of skilled and unskilled readers by means of a diagnostic reading test. Experimental reading passages based upon…

The U.S. Navy conducted a study to determine the readability grade level of materials used in its technical training schools curricula as a basis for (1) establishing minimal reading competencies for those schools, (2) identifying problem textual materials used in those schools, and (3) choosing additional school curricula for readability…

In the writing of Matthew Arnold, integration, one great impression rather than many great individual lines, is the most important goal. In his essay, "The Function of Criticism at the Present Time," the "blocs" of his thought are in sets of two, three, or even four sentences: in effect, he writes much like a poet, in couplets,…

An addition to the teacher's repertoire of silent reading tests is the formal cloze procedure. This test requires the reader to replace exactly individual words deleted from a reading passage. It serves to identify those students who are not reading at an expected level, but it does not suggest why this is so. However, with modifications to both…