The major emphasis of this paper (a summary of the results and implications of recent research into the nature of the teaching process) is the relationship between teacher behavior patterns and teacher effectiveness. The underlying thesis is that application of the scientifically supported systems approach to teacher training can yield (and has…

Five studies were conducted to investigate the relationship between short term memory (STM) and long term memory (LTM), and the relationship between STM and problem solving. In study I, the necessity of postulating separate learning processes for tasks which are traditionally classified as STM tasks as opposed to LTM tasks was investigated.…

A task analysis of the conceptual skills prerequisite to learning to read by a phonics-based method is made in an attempt to distinguish these skills from reading's component skills. The model for task analysis presented by Gagne, in which a cumulative learning of prerequisite conceptual skills is assumed, is used. The analysis deals primarily…

This pilot study investigated (1) the extent scanning speed can be improved through practice, (2) the learning strategies students use in attempting to improve their scanning, and (3) differences between scanning rate for stimuli presented orally and visually. Subjects were advanced college students with average reading skills. Each subject was…

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of four training procedures in changing translation behaviors of intern teachers and their pupils in secondary school social studies classes. The four training procedures or treatments (applied to four randomly assigned groups of intern teachers) were: an unstructured discussion of…

Modern psychological theory implies that behavior and neural function are correlated. Models of the operation of the nervous system can be used to predict and explain behavioral events. The purposes of this paper are to briefly outline a model at the biopsychological level that leads to predictions about the retention of verbal material, to show…

Short and long-term retention in a visual recognition memory task was studied as a function of race using 39 10th grade inner-city high school students as subjects and random polygons as stimuli. It was hypothesized that a black subject confronted by an unfamiliar white adult and requested to take a test might be more aroused than a comparable…

Bridge-to-Reading is a comprehensive, easy-to-implement readiness curriculum (for ages 2 1/2 -- 6) based on the premise that young children learn language and prereading skills most easily by "doing" and then learning and using the words that explain their experiences. Each section in the series is presented in a separate notebook containing…

The two purposes of this study were: (1) to identify those factors that significantly affect the use of the science process skill of prediction, and (2) to construct and test a probabilistic equation, based on a competence-performance model of cognitive development that accounts for a child's performance on tasks involving the skill of prediction.…

This study is based upon an interpretation of Ausubel's subsumption learning theory. The primary characteristic of this theory is that it views a learner's specific content knowledge as a crucial factor in learning. Two types of assessment instruments were used with first-grade students to determine concept attainment based on specific models…

This study was designed to collect and analyze the verbal protocols of students involved in introspection as they responded to standardized measures of reading comprehension, for the purpose of learning more about the reading process. Eleven seventh grade students from an urban public school were randomly chosen from 61 subjects who met the…

The primary purpose of this paper was to present the distinction between the actual contributions of Piaget regarding epistemological questions and the manner in which these contributions have been interpreted to provide a basis for current educational curriculum reform. It is the contention of the authors that the Piagetian theory concerning the…

This document reports on one of a series of three surveys conducted on behalf of the Commission on Non-Traditional Study. The chief purpose of this study is to describe in detail the potential market for adult learning. A second general purpose is to analyze the learning activities of men and women who are engaged in adult learning. To gather this…

The purpose of this study was to test the learning by discovery controversy. Three seventh-grade science classes of above average readers were selected and randomly assigned to one of three experimental treatments: discovery, guided discovery, or programed instruction. The instructional materials were derived from the Michigan Science Curriculum…

This is the final report of a study conducted to investigate the influence of values on the educational process. The purpose was to determine the extent of congruence in values of parents, school personnel, and children, and to determine relationships between value congruence and ethnic, socioeconomic, and occupational class variables. A values…