This interim report, commissioned by UNICEF, emphasizes the value of nonformal educational programs to educationally deprived rural children and youth in developing countries. The first set of basic findings and recommendations arising from this extensive international research study is presented. Organized into five chapters, the text includes…

The contraditions within the systems of school support and school policy-making make it difficult to find a manner of governance of the social studies program which is protected from extraneous influence and yet avoids creating a buffer between the schools and the democratic forces to which they are responsive. State and federal governments…

In this paper, the author attempts to clarify several implicit hypotheses about local school finance reform, set up tests whereby hypothesis validity can be affirmed or rejected, and outline the policy implications of the results. Two mathematical models of school district behavior are examined, and their implications are tested on a sample of 150…

The elements of an instructional system are discussed and some literature bearing on these is reviewed. The discussion is intended to stimulate thought about an instructional system as a computer-assisted instructional (CAI) test-bed and to point out some noteworthy laboratory research results, particularly in cognitive psychology. Following this,…

This study investigated the relationship between teacher behavior and pupil reflective dialogue in the classroom assuming that social problems provide a natural springboard for inquiry through classroom discussion. It was hypothesized that different teacher strategies promote different types of class interaction. Discussion styles were to be…

A conceptual model of individual assessment through the use of biodata responses with minimal input information is outlined. The process is considered especially applicable to industrial psychology. A scored autobiographical data form, which measures the individual's past behavior and experiences, provides for assignment to a specific subgroup…

A review of trends in the teaching of foreign language during the last decade focuses on the predominance of the audiolingual method and current criticism by leading theorists of its theoretical foundations. Discussion of a psychological model of learning explores the relationships of motivation, cognition, evaluation, and response formation. The…

A curriculum hierarchy evaluation (CHE) model was developed by combining a transfer paradigm with an aptitude-treatment-task interaction (ATTI) paradigm. Positive transfer was predicted between sequentially arranged tasks, and a programed or nonprogramed treatment was predicted to interact with aptitude and with tasks. Eighteen four and five…

The purpose of this study was to determine whether option weighting improved the internal consistency and intercorrelation of the subtests. The differential option-weighting scheme employed in this study is based on one devised by Guttman. The tests were first scored with Guttman-type weights and then with conventional correction-for-guessing…

This paper proposes an Evaluator Development Program to meet the need for improvement and development in educational evaluation. The objective is to enhance effective evaluation processes in elementary, secondary, and higher education through the institutionalization of evaluator roles within differential settings. The program involves the…

Research in education has not been relevant because: 1) Decision makers have been making decisions without research findings and see no need for this kind of information now; 2) Research findings in the local schools are usually made available to the decision-maker or administrator after the decisions have been implemented; 3) Researchers feel the…

This book contains four papers by noted educational planning experts that, together, cover practically all the implications of undertaking 'futurological' studies in education. Louis Emmery, in his "Alternative Educational Futures and Educational Policy-Planning," summarizes the three papers that comprise the remainder of the document and stresses…

Contemporary approaches to research and practice in the administration of organizational change tend to emphasize systematic aspects of the process, focusing on the orderly sequencing of such activities as goal-setting, planning, and execution. This emphasis has given rise to efforts to identify and describe overall strategies of organizational…

The growing emphasis on planning and evaluation in educational institutions has resulted in rapid implementation of various strategies. Participant-consultant observations were used to focus on the problems of the implementation. Organizational conflicts were identified, and coping strategies were developed by an external agent. Several…

The materials in this resource unit for Grade Nine focus on farm problems as a case study for supply and demand analysis. The unit emphasizes a problem-solving approach. Students define the farm problems, set up and test hypotheses about causes of the problems, and investigate courses of action. An outline of the content of the unit precedes…