This assessment of the status of research on instructional development (ID) discusses such conceptual problems as the confusion between ID and instructional design, reviews previous research, and proposes a framework for future ID research. Decision-oriented issues discussed within this framework include: (1) administrative and policy issues of ID…

This discussion of validation procedures for learning hierarchies based on an analysis of a target skill of instruction to aid in the instructional development process indicates that there is no catalog of validated hierarchies available for this use, and that the literature provides little assistance to the developer seeking practical procedures.…

A review of the literature on interest and emotion provides an organizing framework for a conceptual model of learner interest in terms of its emotional components. The dimensions of pleasure and arousal are seen as closely related to those of evaluation and activity in a number of studies. A third dimension related to potency is also apparent in…

Focuses on four aspects of the management function--the management of the organization, of information, of personnel, and of resources, i.e., time, space, and money. (RAO)

A review of relevant literature considers different views on ideological bias and what they offer economics teachers deciding what to teach and how to teach it. Particular emphasis is placed on: (1) determining the appropriate mix and sequencing of instruction on positive and normative ideas; (2) determining the amount of instructional time; and…

Reports results of survey of 116 members of Division of Instructional Development, Association for Educational Communications and Technology, concerning frequently recommended instructional development books. Tables covering respondents' job responsibilities, years of experience, and places of employment, most recommended books, and topics for new…

Discusses the use of educational impact statements and presents a functional process model for change facilitation. A specific example of the adaptation of this process is provided, going through the steps of: preplanning, strategy selection, implementation, and adoption, evaluation, research, and modification, monitoring, and follow-up. (RAO)

Identifies five basic assumptions of the "proactive approach" to instructional development and argues for the use of that approach by instructional technologists in training developed for business organizations. Four tactics for moving an organization in a proactive direction are described, and guidelines followed by a large California bank are…

Includes a review of the elements of ideal project contracts, some suggestions concerning contract negotiation, and a sample contract from a recent development project. (Author/JEG)

Concepts and methods for analyzing the social system and recent advances in the technical functions of development are discussed. Four development functions are highlighted: management of the development process, formal analysis, strategy specification, and evaluation. (Author)

Notes the difficulties of conducting meaningful research in formative evaluation; reviews issues in the administration, breadth of applicability, and theoretical bases of formative evaluation; and suggests areas where research is still needed. (Author/JD)

The role of educational technology, the cautionary use of instructional development in higher education change, and various personal glimpses in educational technology are discussed. (RAO)

Discusses the relationship between instruction and motivation, describes Keller's ARCS model of motivational design and Gagne's instructional design theory, and explains how they can be integrated and used by instructional developers and designers. An example is given where motivational strategies are matched with appropriate instructional events.…

Based on a review of the literature and input from stakeholders, we developed a conceptual framework of self-advocacy involving four components: knowledge of self, knowledge of rights, communication, and leadership. This article summarizes the definitions and components of self-advocacy found in the literature that were used to develop this…

Across the United States, school districts are adopting benchmark assessments to help teachers modify instruction over the course of a school year. Yet many teachers remain wary. In this article, the author presents views from teachers regarding the benchmarks.