Behaviors described by the instrument were grouped into categories related to developing text material, pre-lab, laboratory, and post-lab discussion. Judges' ratings were used to select behaviors which could be designated as (1) consistent with ESCP, (2) neutral, or (3) inconsistent with ESCP. Classroom observations based on the instrument were…

A study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the PLAN teacher training program in changing teacher classroom behavior. The program, to train teachers in skills specific to the use of the PLAN system of individualized education, included a 2-day spring 1969 session, a 3-day summer conference, a fall minicourse, and inservice consultant…

Scott's coefficient is an improved method for estimating observer reliability using any system which assigns events to mutually exclusive categories. The formula is the ratio of the actual difference between obtained and chance agreement to the maximum difference between obtained and chance agreement. A FORTRAN program for calculating this…

A new instrument for classroom observation called the Personal Record of School Experience (PROSE), has been developed at Educational Testing Service. While PROSE was invented for a specific project involving 2000 4-year-old ghetto children, its general applicability has already become apparent. PROSE represents a primitive method of classroom…

Described are the procedures whereby data from teachers and children may be collected in classrooms. The techniques of interaction analysis (including matrix analysis) are applied to the collection and analysis of these data. The categories applied to the classroom behaviors of teachers and students have been developed specifically for the Science…

In this address, Dorothy H. Cohen admonishes teachers to remain aware that in the classroom they are both teachers and observers trying to find clues to understanding and interaction. Because teachers are human beings with attitudes and beliefs of their own, it is difficult to be objective in making observations of children. An open mind ready to…

A study was conducted to observe the varying degree of consistency between three sources of data with respect to the same classroom phenomenon. Data was gathered in a public high school near Detroit in 1969. Using the basic 10-category Flanders interaction analysis system, systematic observations of controversial issues discussions were made in…

The construction, validation, scoring techniques, uses, and constraints of the "I" Scale are presented. The "I" Scale was originally developed to measure the effect of a three district Title III project which sought to raise the level of individualization within the classroom. The paper traces the theoretical stance of…

The construction of a category-type observational instrument based on sets of similar behavioral components from mutually exclusive subsets of measurably stated objectives of a particular special education treatment program is described. Systematic Who-to-Whom Analysis Notation is an in-process instrument employed unobtrusively, utilizing a…

A classroom observation rating scale, based upon a recent analysis of the literature and conceptually verified by open education advocates, effectively differentiated British and American open classrooms from American traditional classrooms. The influence of socio-economic settings was also demonstrated. For the three comparison groups, more…

In order to evaluate the changes in parent and student attitudes toward the various components of the Early Childhood Education (ECE) program, the paraprofessional home visitors were asked to complete a ten item questionnaire based on their observations of the family's reactions to each of three components (TV program, home visit, and mobile…

The analysis of covariance is frequently used in observational studies to either adjust treatment comparisons for biases due to different distributions of extraneous variables or for improving the precison of the treatment comparisons. This paper discusses aspects that the researcher should keep in mind when planning such a study. In particular it…

Describes a five-stage intervisitation program in which teachers within a department visit each other for demonstrations of teaching methods. (IRT)

The author describes a method, field tested with 50 emotionally disturbed children in five residential and day treatment centers, in which observations of behavior are converted into qualitative indices of adjustment to yield a profile of change of each S. (Author/CL)

Five groups of children, ranging in age from 4 to 11 years, were observed for instances of immediate imitation of peers in a free-play setting. Results showed that imitation decreased with age, that more verbal than motor acts were imitated, and that dominant children were imitated more often. (Author/JMB)