Discrimination and reflection of incongruent communication are important therapist skills. Clinical and counseling graduate students (N=32) with different levels of graduate practica training were studied to assess the effects of level of experience on the ability of therapists and counselors to discriminate and accurately reflect incongruent…

This report, second in a series of seven, addresses the question, "What events disrupt classroom instruction and what are the most effective techniques teachers use to cope with these disruptions?" This report is a formal presentation of the research. The methodology of the study is delineated, the participants (teachers and observers)…

A project was conducted to disseminate career education philosophy, methods, program activities, and evaluation results to career education practitioners and the general public in rural Appalachia. Five major project dissemination tasks were accomplished and evaluated, including (1) visitations to the project and regional schools so that educators…

TWO SUMMER 1965 HEAD START PROGRAMS, ONE IN BRONX RIVER AND ONE IN EAST TREMONT, NEW YORK, WERE SELECTED IN ORDER TO MEASURE THE CHANGES PRODUCED IN THE 36 PARTICIPANTS AS A RESULT OF THEIR HEAD START EXPERIENCE. AREAS MEASURED WERE (1) COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING, (2) PATTERNS OF PLAY AND USE OF PLAY MATERIALS, AND (3) CHILDREN'S FANTASIES ABOUT THEIR…

VARIOUS RESEARCH ON MICROTEACHING IS BRIEFLY REVIEWED. THE METHOD DEVELOPED AT STANFORD CONSISTS OF THE PRESENTATION OF 5-10 MINUTE VIDEOTAPED LESSON SEGMENTS TO GROUPS OF 4 TO 6 PUPILS. THESE LESSONS WERE EVALUATED BY THE SUPERVISOR AND THE PUPILS AND THEN DISCUSSED BY THE INTERN AND THE SUPERVISOR DURING THE PLAYBACK. THE LESSON WAS IMMEDIATELY…

TO DETERMINE THE RANGE OF COGNITIVE OBJECTIVES IMPLICIT IN THE QUESTIONS ASKED BY STUDENT TEACHERS AND THEIR PUPILS IN HIGH SCHOOL SOCIAL STUDIES CLASSES, 44 CLASSES WERE OBSERVED ACCORDING TO THE TEACHER PUPIL QUESTION INVENTORY (TPQI) DEVELOPED BY THE INVESTIGATORS. THE TPQI REQUIRES A 30-MINUTE CLASSROOM OBSERVATION DIVIDED INTO ALTERNATING…

AN INSERVICE TEACHER EDUCATION PROJECT UTILIZED CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION AS A MEDIUM OF CLASSROOM OBSERVATION. IT WAS HYPOTHESIZED THAT CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION COULD MAKE STAFF INTERVISITATION MORE EFFECTIVE. CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION WAS USED IN 46 INSERVICE EDUCATION SESSIONS AND 51 SESSIONS WITH OTHER RELATED SCHOOL PURPOSES DURING THE…

This manual is designed to aid observers in the classroom in the use of an observation form entitled "The Student-Level Observation of Beginning Reading," which focuses on the content of instructional activities in reading at the individual student level. Instructions are provided on how to identify a set of behaviors such as direct and indirect…

This volume, "Effects Analyses," the third of three Technical Appendices to the National Day Care Study (NDCS), presents in six individual reports the results of analyses investigating the relationships between policy variables, classroom processes and child outcomes. The volume begins with a presentation of the major effects analyses…

Most social interactions involve spontaneous or unintentional behavior. Deliberate behavior, however, represents intentional action. An individual may display a particular emotion or behave in a systematic fashion to convey or conceal a specific type of affect. Often, an observer will question the authenticity of a behavior sequence, deciding…

The amount and type of peer interaction occurring in four racially mixed eighth grade classrooms were studied. Observational data were collected on the peer-directed behaviors of 69 white children and 32 black children weekly during one semester. The race and sex of the person to whom each behavior was directed were recorded as were the affective…

Two methods (generic or specific) of assessing competency based teacher performance were compared in three studies with 158 special and regular teachers. Two classroom observation instruments - one designed to measure generic teaching competencies at all levels and across all subjects, the other developed for special education teachers only - were…

This conference presentation describes a six-week intervention training program for parents with children who exhibit negative behavior (noncompliance, temper tantrums, whining). The focus of the program is to increase positive parent-child interaction, as well as to teach parents how to make and follow through on commands to their children.…

This paper describes research which involved (1) the study of children's moral reasoning about their own spontaneous prosocial behavior and (2) an examination of the early development of such reasoning. Prosocial moral reasoning is defined as reasoning about conflicts in which the individual must choose between satisfying his or her own wants,…

In this Child Development Associate (CDA) training module, the trainee is provided with basic concepts of child development. The identity, socialization and sense of self worth of the child are emphasized. Techniques for observing the behavior of 3- to 5-year-old children are indicated. As a result, the trainee can learn how to make and maintain,…