This study looked at the occupational positions that constitute educational administration and analyzed how they are characterized and structured. Data were collected between September, 1974, and April, 1979, principally from southern California school districts. The method of data collection was ethnographic observation in schools and interviews…

During an extensive inservice program, teachers and aides in 20 kindergarten and first grade Follow Through Classrooms were observed for mastery of the Direct Instruction Model. Two trained observers used the Direct Instruction Supervisor Code to record behavior in the fall, winter, and spring. Subjects were observed while teaching a 12 minute…

This paper outlines a methodology for understanding and describing the reading activities of a small group of black inner city junior high school students. The methodology is based on the assumption that reading can be viewed as a social activity or process that becomes defined through the interaction of participants. Data are collected through…

This is an intensive observational study of teacher behavior in six kindergartens in three schools. The schools were picked to be typical examples of a white middle class suburban school, an integrated lower class urban school, and a black lower class urban school. In all three schools teachers used the greatest proportion of class time (from 33…

DESIGNED TO GIVE INFORMATION ABOUT THE USE OF CLOSE-CIRCUIT TELEVISION AND VIDEOTAPE IN TRAINING PROGRAMS FOR LANGUAGE TEACHERS, THIS BRIEF DOCUMENT DISCUSSES THEIR OPERATION AND POTENTIAL AND DESCRIBES SPECIFIC PLANS FOR QUARTERS, EQUIPMENT, AND PERSONNEL. INCLUDED IN THE FIRST SECTION ON QUARTERS AND EQUIPMENT ARE DESCRIPTIONS OF THE…

Nonverbal teacher behavior is recognized as an important factor in establishing a positive social climate in the classroom. A feedback and analysis instrument is presented focusing on specific nonverbal teacher behaviors. These behaviors--facial expressions, gestures, body movements, and idiosyncratic characteristics--are categorized as either…

This introduction to second language program evaluation begins with a rationale outlining the major issues involved in program evaluation. Procedures for evaluation are described, and examples are offered of goal statements, sub-goal statements, curriculum objectives, and learning objectives. Guidelines for judging a statement of aims are listed.…

Ten studies investigating the relationship between instructional time and achievement on elementary school reading and mathematics tests were reviewed. The studies involved general classroom research, instructional time research, and attention research. The review indicated that the relationship between academic achievement and instructional time…

Teachers were designated as more and less effective according to their ability to teach specially constructed reading and mathematics curriculum units over two weeks. They were then studied to determine if their perceptions of classroom interaction and interactive decision making were different. They were also studied to determine whether they…

This document describes the clinical observation activities in a sample of California classrooms as part of the developmental work for Phase III of the Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study. The actual observation procedures are documented, and the conclusions reached on the basis of those observations are presented. Conclusions related to timebased…

As part of the development of a classroom interaction observation instrument, this report presents the results of a comparative study of group interaction in contrasting educational environments (open and traditional) with children of different socioeconomic backgrounds (middle and lower classes). Additionally, problems of adequately assessing…

Measuring attainment of the program's objectives and describing the program's implementation are listed as two of the evaluator's major responsibilities. The description should include an explanation of the context in which the program was initiated, as well as the component materials and activities. This booklet has three purposes: (1) suggesting…

To develop a comprehensive teacher observation instrument, 56 school practitioners submitted 200 critical incidents--descriptions and judgments of their observations of teacher-pupil interactions in the classroom. Five teacher roles emerged: instructional facilitator; instructional manager; instructional evaluator; instructional designer; and…

As part of the Competency Based Teacher Certification Project in Carroll County, Georgia, large samples of elementary and secondary school teachers and students were observed during a two-year period. Four low-inference observation measures were used to record teacher behaviors and student-teacher interactions: (1) Teacher Practices Observation…

IN THE PROJECT EVALUATED IN THIS REPORT, THE SCHOOL DAY WAS EXTENDED 2 HOURS MONDAY THROUGH THURSDAY, TO OFFER REMEDIAL AND TUTORIAL HELP IN READING, ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE, MATHEMATICS, SCIENCE, AND TYPING. ITS SPECIAL POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM INCLUDED ACTIVITIES IN THE ARTS, HOME ECONOMICS, INDUSTRIAL ARTS, AND LANGUAGE ARTS. A TRIP…