Purpose: This article presents several potential concerns with the common usage of the term "fluency" in the study of "stuttering" and people who stutter (or, as many speakers now prefer, "stutterers"). Our goal is to bridge gaps between clinicians, researchers, and stutterers to foster a greater sense of…

Scientific misconceptions are ubiquitous, and in our era of near-instant information exchange, this can be problematic for both public health and the public understanding of scientific topics. Refutation text is one instructional tool for addressing misconceptions and is simple to implement at little cost. We conducted a random-effects…

Refutation texts are designed to facilitate the revision of inaccurate knowledge; however, studies have documented backfire effects wherein respondents become less accurate when exposed to a factual correction compared to another. Here, we explored whether epistemic emotions mediated knowledge revision or backfire processes when reading…

This study investigated the stability and persistence of prospective elementary teachers' conceptual understanding of average speed. A questionnaire containing two questions about average speed was administered to the prospective teachers prior to their admission to an elementary science methods course (pretest) and at the end of the course…

This article describes a study of 149 preservice chemistry teachers' misconceptions of concepts related to a reduction-oxidation reaction. A mixed-method approach was used to obtain data through the ROXCI (Redox Concept Inventory) instrument and interviews. Result indicated that the highest misconceptions were for item number 10 (4.03% or only 6…

When any object, such as a glass of water, a greenhouse or the Earth's atmosphere, stays at a steady temperature, the amount of energy entering the object is equal to the amount of energy leaving it. This is considered in equilibrium. This equilibrium changes when the amount of energy entering does not equal the amount of energy leaving.…

Student misconceptions of the double-slit experiment (Fig. 1) are abundant. The most common ones that we observe include: (1) belief that constructive interference requires both pathlengths to be integer multiples of the wavelength ("L[subscript 1] = n[subscript 1][lambda]" and "L[subscript 2] = n[subscript 2][lambda]") rather…

The conical pendulum is a classic introductory physics problem for teaching circular motion--a topic about which students frequently carry alternative conceptions. As teachers provide lessons to untangle these conceptions, it is good to allow students to practice their new knowledge in varied settings. This is one possible experiment that builds…

This study documents the development of an assessment (a multiple-choice test with free text rationale) built into an academic skills module over a 2 year period. Initially introduced as a credit bearing assessment to promote student engagement, disappointing results in the first year prompted a further intervention in year 2 with an additional…

In this research, the author shares findings from a study of how national fantasies about the United States are imagined and expressed in the curriculum and pedagogy of a U.S. high school civics course. Focusing on specific classroom moments, the author considers how both the teacher and her students racialize the national fantasies that appear…

The most common point of intervention within campus sexual assault programming is that of combatting frequently held myths about rape. These rape myths are often assessed through self-report scales and are thus subjected to concerns of social-desirability and blind-spot bias. Research suggests individuals misperceive the beliefs of others,…

Young people develop their value systems during their school years, offering the perfect window of opportunity for educators to challenge prejudice and promote race equality during these formative years. Yet, as teacher training is increasingly school-centred and school budgets are stretched more thinly than ever, most teachers do not feel they…

The demand for more women leaders has become an international business phenomenon. As women continue to successfully attain significant leadership roles, we must not assume that women's leadership styles and competencies will mirror those of men. Little is currently known about the competencies required to lead in male dominated corporate…

In teaching sciences, models are often used to introduce, elaborate or simplify real-world phenomena or concepts. It is, however, often the case that misconceptions arise from or are facilitated by these teaching models during their transition to mental models of the individual learners. For instance, models are often seen as direct replicas of…

In organic chemistry textbooks (S)-(-)-limonene, (-)-limonene or l-limonene, is often given credit for the smell of lemons, while the R-analogue, (+)-limonene or d-limonene, is credited with that of oranges. Results from two odor tests revealed that few persons in the test associated (R)-(+)-limonene with oranges and (S)-(-)-limonene with lemons,…