Study explored Welch teachers' (n=14) opinions regarding a 1-year, full-time inservice course (Diploma in the Education of the 14-19 Age Group). According to interviews, teachers felt the effectiveness of inservice training hinged on subsequent professional development, which depended on responses from the institutions they left and to which they…

There is extensive evidence of a "glass ceiling" for women across the labour market. Though schools have widely been described as "feminized" work environments, the under-representation of women at school management level is well established. Based on a study of women teachers' careers and promotion in the English school sector…

The absence of a professional career structure for teachers is not a new problem. In 1989, Australian unions, employers, and governments negotiated the Advanced Skills Teacher (AST) classification. Three levels of AST status involving salary increases were proposed to offer teachers a professional career path in teaching comparable in status to…

The heads of the education divisions of 245 colleges and universities were surveyed regarding their opinions about faculty evaluation and reward procedures. Findings indicated that tenure received significantly more attention from decision-making bodies in the colleges than merit pay. Tenure was also viewed as having a greater effect on faculty…

Current working conditions of postsecondary faculty in the People's Republic of China are described, with a focus on what has changed since 1976 and the end of the Cultural Revolution. Based on field work in China and on personal correspondence with Chinese faculty members between 1984 and 1989, a broad overview is presented of college and…

One approach to raising the appeal of the teaching profession ties diagnostic evaluations to promotions and creates a career ladder for teachers. Changes in career opportunities for teachers may be possible, if proposals like those prepared in North Carolina by the Charlotte-Mecklenberg school district or in the state of Tennessee are widely…

This volume, the first of two reports on development of teacher incentive structures, focuses on implementation of a career ladder design and teacher evaluation experiment in four Utah school districts. The report has five sections. Section 1 describes study background and implementation of an evaluation-reward system that featured data collection…

The appropriate questions in teacher evaluation in higher education are: who should evaluate, for what purposes, and using what means. Frequently, evaluation systems provide information for administrative decisions on promotion/tenure and merit. Increased reliance on student ratings of teachers has the disadvantage of distorting factors that may…

Approximately three years after a sample of vocational education teachers in Florida took the General Examinations, College-Level Examination Program (CLEP), the impact of the use of CLEP scores by teachers (392) in their professional development was assessed. Indicators of professional growth were teaching rank, salary, and degree status.…

EDUCATIONAL FLAWS ARE MAGNIFIED IN BIG CITY SCHOOL SYSTEMS BECAUSE (1) THE SIZE OF URBAN SYSTEMS CREATES BUREAUCRACIES WHICH CAUSE A PHILOSOPHICAL AND PROCEDURAL RIGIDITY, AND (2) URBAN SYSTEM PUPILS ARE UNABLE OR UNWILLING TO CONFORM TO EDUCATORS' COMPLACENT NOTIONS OF WHAT CHILDREN AND SCHOOLS SHOULD BE. PROGRAMS AIMED AT THE CULTURALLY…

In an effort to determine the effect of sex-role expectations and low economic return on the number of men teaching at the preschool level, this study surveyed 116 women and 10 men involved in early childhood education. A questionnaire sent to participants raised questions about either an imaginary young man or woman who had recently received a…

Student ratings have been used for three major purposes--in each case by a different group: (1) to assist teachers to improve their teaching; (2) to aid administrative decisions with respect to promotions or salary increases of teachers; and (3) to provide descriptions of course and teachers for students choosing to enroll in courses or sections…

The Program for Educational Opportunity, an institute based at the University of Michigan and established by the Office of Education pursuant to Title IV of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, is designed to assist school districts in the process of desegregation. The Program annually conducts a series of conferences. The Conference on The Personnel…

Each institution of higher education determines its own conditions and responsibilities of professional employment based on principles of equity and due process. A faculty manual should present clearly and concisely an institution's policies and procedures related to professional employment, and all arrangements between individuals and…

National surveys of graduate and social science deans showed that teaching is alleged to be the primary factor in all personnel and resource allocation decisions. However, there is much less support for teaching in practice. Reasons include inadequate funding, the imperfect institutionalization of teaching support structures, and the lack of a…