Plans for housing sites and entire communities should integrate and detail all the complexities of an area such as land contours, soil, vegetation, drainage, and ownership. Designers' personalized styles may create distorted effects when transferred to the three-dimensional environment. People living in the communities should be involved in…

Attempts to resolve the two factors instrumental in ineffectively lighted new classrooms: planning without taking newer design techniques into consideration and confusion regarding the lighting objectives in the classroom. (Author/EA)

Reviewed in this article are ten of the "new creations" for playgrounds submitted to the Norwegian Governmental Commission for General Culture competition for new ideas in playground equipment. (CS)

As part of a symposium on the provision of architectural privacy within the classroom, this paper reviews the limited research that is available and discusses the importance of viewing classroom settings as ecological units with both physical and behavioral components. Whether children prefer to use private facilities, and whether they benefit…

The paper summarizes findings from an applied research programing and design project for children with learning disabilities. Information was collected and analyzed from the literature, interviews, observations, participatory games, consultants, and a building type analysis. Findings are reported along 14 developmental goals (such as perceptual…

Schools in the hot and humid zones of the Asian region are narrow to ensure good ventilation. The purpose of this report is to show that it is possible, through appropriate design, to obtain sufficient breeze for thermal comfort in buildings as wide as 15 meters. Some of the conclusions of a study of the subject are summarized. The summary is…

This paper describes the physiological "eye noise" effect of line contrast in maps and considers the effect of line contrast on the direct picture of terrain surface as produced by shaded relief. An attempt is made to describe map reading in its two major steps: 1) the enrichment of the brain image resulting from scanning the map sheet,…

This paper discusses the working principles that have grown out of the experiences of an architect and a psychologist working together as a planning team. According to the author, the true problem in planning and design is the prediction of behavior. Therefore, although the basic problems should be handled by the designer, a psychologist can…

Two new designs for microfilm viewers are described. Both viewers are front projection viewers utilizing matte surface display screens. One viewer with an adjustable horizontal screen has a normal magnification rate and is mounted on a desk top. The other viewer has a high (4x) magnification rate in a mini-theater configuration with remote…

This discussion of learning carrels for active, individualized learning focuses on three major considerations: (1) student activities--what the student does; (2) information display--what the student sees and hears; (3) carrel structure--what features are incorporated for what purposes. (Author)

A generalized conceptual dynamic model of man-machine interactions with its symbolic description is proposed. The model is intended to represent the man-machine interactive behaviors of interactive adaptive logic systems. (Author)

Barrier-free design represents an examination of human performance within the physical environment. (Author)

Provides guidelines to follow in drawing up a contract with a school architect. Once the architect has been selected, a clear definition of mutual expectations and schedules must be outlined and documented in the contract. (TE)

Describes the fundamentals of Japanese braille and outlines the spacing rules now in general use. Points out the relevance of Japanese braille for the computer treatment of the Japanese language. (FL)