This paper describes an experiment on the "linguistic" synthesis of a controller for a model industrial plant (a steam engine). Fuzzy logic is used to convert heuristic control rules stated by a human operator into an automatic control strategy. (Author)

One of the major trends occurring in the area of task analysis methodology is the development of better methods to analyze cognitive tasks, including new methodologies for analyzing the ways in which knowledge should be structured within a student's head to facilitate given types of performance. The most important trend is the integration of task…

Prepared as part of a larger work on human intelligence, this report examines basic attentional and perceptual contributions to intelligence. The report is organized into two sections: the first summarizes and evaluates research that has tried to uncover basic information processing skills that account for individual differences in intelligence;…

Among the advantages of a well-written review of the reading research literature are that it lays down the framework of the topic for the reader and provides exercise for both the synthesizer and the reader in integrating widely scattered, incompatible research findings. These benefits are intimately related to the problems in such syntheses, such…

This document provides an analysis and synthesis of the research in industrial arts education during the period 1966 through 1968, inclusive. Journal articles and doctoral dissertations were the primary sources for studies, while staff studies and reports of funded research were used when available to the reviewers. Major topics are: (1) History,…

In order to evaluate on-the-job physician performance, four different composite scores were derived from different weightings of 80 criteria. Weights were assigned both objectively, through statistical methods, and subjectively, based only upon personal judgment. Comparing these results with scores based upon appraisal of the individual by other…

Presenting an overview of the forces responsible for the current impetus to evaluate social competency as one component of mental retardation, this article reviews the American Association on Mental Deficiency Adaptive Behavior Scale, the Vineland Social Maturity Scale, and the newly published system of Multi-Cultural and Pluralistic Assessment.…

Reporting on the second symposium on "Amazonia: Extinction or Survival" (Madison, Wisconsin, 1978), this article summarizes papers presented on colonization, health, education, law, etc., and presents the symposium's six resolutions. (JC)

Included in this report on legislation of interest to Native Americans are: introductions to bills; summations of hearings; rules and regulations, proposed rules, and notices taken from the Federal Register; and summations of selected American Indian cases in the Supreme Court Docket as of October 17. (JC)

Analysis of 326 studies of early intervention efficacy indicated significant positive benefits for most children but little evidence to support some common beliefs (such as the superiority of very early intervention or the necessity for parental involvement). Application of the steps in the scientific method are recommended for such large scale…

The paper discusses problems resulting from the substitution of meta-analysis for qualitative reviewing of special education research, employing H. Cooper's framework for assessing integrative research review and using illustrations from research on class placement and mainstreaming. (Author/CL)

The authors cite problems but regard meta-analysis as an improvement over traditional methods of research integration. Advantages are increased objectivity, freedom from arbitrary levels of statistical significance, and potential to relate an array of independent variables to effect size. Disadvantages include questionable reliability of ratings…

Approximations to the distribution of a common form of effect size are presented. Single sample tests, confidence interval formulation, tests of homogeneity, and pooling procedures are based on these approximations. Caveats are presented concerning statistical procedures as applied to sample effect sizes commonly used in meta-analysis. (Author)

This study was conducted to investigate the equivalence of scores from paper-and-pencil (P&P) tests and computerized tests (CTs) through meta-analysis of primary studies using both kinds of tests. For this synthesis, 51 primary studies were selected, resulting in 226 effect sizes. The first synthesis was a typical meta-analysis that treated…

Discusses the nature of the philosophical approach and identifies several roles which contemporary philosophers of education could and should play in helping "to lead the way out of present confusions in educational theory and practice. (JES)