The design of the Cognitive Tutor Algebra I (CTA1) intelligent tutoring system assumes that students work through sections of material following a pre-specified order, and only move on from one section to the next after mastering the first section's skills. However, the software gives teachers the flexibility to override that structure, by…

Parental use of private literacy tutoring has been one of the most controversial of the 'unintended outcomes' of the introduction of the National Assessment Program--Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN), Australia's national regimen of literacy testing. Other uses of tutoring--whether NAPLAN-related or not--have attracted less public and research…

Intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) have consistently been shown to improve the educational outcomes of students when used alone or combined with traditional instruction. However, building an ITS is a time-consuming process which requires specialized knowledge of existing tools. Extant authoring methods, including the Cognitive Tutor Authoring…

In the last two decades, Ethiopia has seen a proliferation of community-level development projects that are either led or funded by international entities; however, it is the local arms (e.g., country offices (COs)) who are often responsible for the implementation of the development projects. I argue that these COs are the middlemen in the…

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the pedagogical strategies and challenges of selected multigrade (MG) schoolteachers in Albay, Philippines. Design/methodology/approach: This study utilized a case study design using a validated semi-structured instrument with in-depth interviews to ten MG teachers, observation and document analysis. Qualitative…

The benefits of peer tutoring in mathematics have repeatedly been proven at different educational levels. Nevertheless, mathematics teachers' perceptions towards this methodology and whether they are adequately trained to implement the practice is information that remains uncertain. Surveys and questionnaires directed at teachers regarding peer…

With the increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in education, the number of published studies in the field has increased. However, no large-scale reviews have been conducted to comprehensively investigate the various aspects of this field. Based on 4,519 publications from 2000 to 2019, we attempt to fill this gap and identify…

This paper presents the ontological design and implementation of the differentiated learning environment in the domain model of an intelligent tutoring system for children with specific learning disabilities. It addresses the learners need for differentiated instruction in a preferential learning environment. The proposed model helps to identify…

With changes to placement testing and many students being able to self-place into college-level courses, first-year community college students are often entering English composition classes without a strong academic skillset. Tutoring can be a way to support students, but many do not attend tutoring. At a rural community college, students in two…

Foreign language teaching achieves best learning outcomes when individual differences of learners are taken into account. While it is difficult for teachers to support internal differentiation in the classroom, digital tools can adaptively propose individual learning paths through activities so that students can practice with appropriately…

Many national science frameworks (e.g., Next Generation Science Standards) argue that developing mathematical modeling competencies is critical for students' deep understanding of science. However, science teachers may be unprepared to assess these competencies. We are addressing this need by developing virtual lab performance assessments that…

Does a student's high school grade point average (HSGPA) of 2.5 or greater determine or predict a successful post-secondary enrollment? For this research, historical data from the 2015-2021 cohorts of Upward Bound Catonsville (UBC) scholars were retrieved from the UBC Community College of Baltimore County (CCBC) Blumen Database report. To ensure…

The following study explores the way names and labels function as tropes in writing center work. Building on Lakoff and Johnson's work on metaphors, and using Kenneth Burke's concept of the trope, this study analyzes the way names and labels for writing center spaces, people, activity, and preparation function metaphorically, synecdochically,…

Since the 1960s, researchers have been trying to optimize the sequencing of instructional activities using the tools of reinforcement learning (RL) and sequential decision making under uncertainty. Many researchers have realized that reinforcement learning provides a natural framework for optimal instructional sequencing given a particular model…

This article presents an analysis of statements from Indigenous students in an Australian university that describe how they use supplementary tutors. The analysis provides some evidence that students use tutors for much more than the prescribed remedial purpose to assist with gaps in assumed academic knowledge and skills to prevent subject…