Interviewed 53 noninstitutionalized elderly to examine patterns of exchange of assistance within their informal helping networks. Results suggest inability to reciprocate rather than need for assistance had a greater negative effect on morale. There was a negative relationship between formal service use and reliance on the informal network.…

Discussion of standards and protocols (set of rules by which two computers or other electronic devices can exchange data for same purpose) highlights history of standards and their interaction with the design and evolution of real computer networks. Topics noted include reference models; conformance, compatibility, and interoperability; and…

Networks confined to one classroom or several classrooms in one building are called local networks. The nature and uses of these networks, software needed to run a network, software problems, and potential problems are discussed. Information on commercially available networks (including source, cost, hardware/software provided, features, and…

Explored the social network relationships of divorced persons (N=42) prior to and following divorce. Subjects were administered the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale and the General Well-Being Schedule and completed a questionnaire. Findings suggested that changes in social networks from pre- to post- divorce tend to decrease the quality of adjustment.…

Discusses evolution of Integrated Library System (ILS) since its beginning at National Library of Medicine, highlighting events leading to ILS development; formative design stages, formation of Online Computer System; installation of ILS version 1.0 at Pentagon library; development of version 2.0, formation of Avatar Systems; OCLC's acquisition of…

This discussion of the role and effects of microcomputers in the information industry considers technological advances of recent times and how they may affect the future. Complexity of systems and systems control, problems of communication (machine-to-machine, machine-to-human), spread of microcomputers, and information networks and systems are…

Three aspects of transborder data flow debate (privacy protection, national and cultural sovereignty, economic development) provide illustrations of effect that national concerns have on formulation of international information policies. Development of information policies by national governments and the impacts these have on…

Discusses the need for standards allowing computer-to-computer communication and gives examples of technical issues. The seven-layer framework of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model is explained and illustrated. Sidebars feature public data networks and Recommendation X.25, OSI standards, OSI layer functions, and a glossary.…

Reviews internal and external dimensions of library environment that must be taken into account by library managers when choosing an integrated library system. The selection, acquisition, and implementation stages of Maggie III--a computerized library system sensitive to the internal and external organizational environment--are described. (MBR)

The author investigates the problems that newcomers face at conferences and offers clear guidelines for conference planners and newcomers alike. She discusses professional socialization, using relationships, making presentations, volunteering, volunteer participation as self-directed learning, broadening networks, experiential learning, planning…

FILMSHARE, an interdepository loan system of educational captioned films for hearing impaired students, and BICS, a booking and inventory control system, are described. Use of these two microcomputer activities is explained to have increased the use of educational films and to have helped expand the collection as well. (CL)

Argues that a single life event has the capacity to affect not one but several lives. This thesis is related to theories on attachment, roles, and convoys. The concept of life-event webs is introduced to explain complex relations among individuals within networks such as families. (Author/RH)

Discusses the influence of the primary group on career choice, based on perceptions of both the client and the group. Presents various counseling strategies including drawings, sentence completion, joint sessions, and a consultant approach. (JAC)

Outlines the Electronic Meetings and Networks system developed for the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Includes a definition of computer conferencing. (MD)

Suggests that the social position and value of old age are normally of little importance in the personal lives of older people, partly because of the limited salience of age within their informal networks. Factors that heighten the salience of being old may reduce well being. (JAC)