Parental appraisals of their children's sibling relationships, and their standards for sibling relationships, were assessed. Although parents reported most concern about their children's Agonism and Rivalry/Competition, the largest discrepancies between parental standards and observations involved behaviors reflecting Warmth. Results endorse…

In order to help school social workers, counselors, and psychologists promote strong school-home working alliances, outlines six key cultural characteristics of American Indian families: geographical isolation, cultural heterogeneity, extended family, inclusive role for children, group primacy, and traumatic educational history. Discusses…

Personal, medical, family, and cultural risk factors for child abuse or neglect and roles of stress and social support in causation of child maltreatment were examined. Interviews conducted with 749 mothers of newborns were analyzed; child abuse/neglect by age 1 was predicted by maternal education, number of dependent children, receipt of…

Discusses the implementation of the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child, including progress made since 1989, and aims of early childhood education under the convention's mission and ideals. Proposes that the convention should be enacted in domestic law and become a reality in day-to-day teaching, thus ensuring that the philosophy of the…

Examined childhood attachment, family environment, and adult social competencies to explain the association between sexual abuse and eating disorders (EDs). Females (n=154) filled out surveys that assessed parental bonds, sexual abuse history, self-efficacy, and other factors. Significant associations were found between family environment, incest,…

Reviews data from the "High School and Beyond" study to examine sibling intellectual symmetry and the degree to which family background affects the siblings' intellectual ability. Finds considerable symmetry in intellectual skills. Discovers little impact on symmetry from gender or birth order. (CFR)

Reviews and integrates research on the short-term and long-term impact of different forms of child maltreatment. Notes that scant studies concerning physical and motor development suggest psychobiological consequences of abuse; studies on social and emotional development indicate significant impact of abuse; and studies of cognitive/academic…

Data covering a 15-year period on the health, behavior, and functioning of 157 Scottish families of children with mental retardation and 165 comparison families were used in cluster analysis to obtain relatively homogeneous groupings of families. Only a small minority of families of children with mental retardation did not cluster together with…

Investigates how Lebanese youth attempt to confer meaning on the events of their lives in the midst of civil war. Numerous and intensive interviews of children, adolescents, parents, and teachers from different factions show that the meanings many young people make from their fears are inadequate. (SLD)

This study of 88 mothers of children with mental retardation, physical disabilities, or developmental risk found that, although biocultural factors such as employment and marital status have differential influences on parent, child, and family functioning, intrafamily role sharing and extrafamily support available to mothers can buffer possible…

Summarizes research on disabled children's effects on families and families' influences on children's adjustment. Offers (1) guidelines for family support programs involving school-home partnerships; (2) cautionary notes on provision of family support programs; and (3) methods for preparing professionals for such programs. (BC)

Investigated the relationship between school-related emotional and behavioral problems and variation in family structure in a sample of eighth graders. Found that among those who exhibited behavioral problems, such problems were two to four times as likely to occur in single-parent or step-families as in intact families and that gender was also a…

Key components of human behavioral genetics and Sandra Scarr's work of the past two decades are critically reviewed based on scholarship in animal neuropsychology and clinical and educational psychology. Scarr's opinion that interventions to enhance intellectual development are ineffectual for children from abuse- and neglect-free backgrounds is…

This paper discusses changing aspects of gifted education in the past 40 years in relation to definitions, identification, and service provision. The field is seen to have broadened to a more holistic and dynamic approach in which the complexity of human potential is accepted and the equal importance of family, community, and school is recognized.…

This 4-year study of 191 girls and 185 boys living in intact families in the rural Midwest examined the trajectories of life events and depressive symptoms during adolescence. Compared with boys, girls experienced a greater number of depressive symptoms after age 13. Changes in uncontrollable events were associated with increases in girls'…