The author provides notes on the historical context and membership of the consultative committees chaired by Sir W. H. Hadow, summarises each of the six reports produced between 1923 and 1933, and assesses the extent to which they informed the development of education in England, noting that the Plowden Committee felt compelled to reiterate many…

The use of Information Communication Technology (ICT) to bridge the communication gap between teacher and learner has been identified as a major characteristic of Open and Distance Learning (ODL). In many developing counties, including Nigeria, several barriers prevent OD learners from maximising the potentials of ICTs to enhance their learning.…

The lack of progress in education reform initiatives may be the conspicuous absence of psychology in policy and planning for reform. Although psychological theory and research underlie much of educational practice, educational policy and the educational literature seldom cite psychological contributions to the improvement of education. This…

An overview of developments in educational planning from the 1960s through the 1990s is presented in this paper. Based on the definition of educational planning as "a technique for choosing resources and objectives in accordance with a standard," successful planning requires realistic objectives, effective means, and compatibility between…

This paper concludes that population and education are likely to play central roles in public policy in South Africa as it emerges from years of apartheid. The study examines some of the mechanisms that underlie the negative association between fertility and education. Using household survey data collected as part of the Project for Statistics on…

This paper explores the use of a series of heuristic models that identify the interrelated components of the broader educational process. This heuristic schema was designed so that educators can examine the purpose and limitations associated with models and subsequently enhance their ability to guide changes within their own institutional setting.…

Recent critics of community colleges wrongly argue that early junior colleges in California were created not to democratize education, but to keep the university exclusive. The first state junior college law was passed in California in 1907, allowing high schools to offer 2 years of postsecondary work at a time when high schools were not yet…

This article provides a survey of geography programs, classroom approaches, student enrollments, faculty training and specialization, working conditions, resources, professional organizations, and role in teacher training in 17 Asian countries. (DE)

The discussant reconstructs his remarks at the Research Section's symposium during the American Vocational Association's 1975 Convention. He considers: (1) gaps between research and development output and utilization, (2) unseen utilization, (3) special problems, (4) two kinds of research and development findings, and (5) utilization-related…

Author described some surprising developments in Italy's nursery school programme. (Editor/RK)

The author describes a graduate course for counselors to increase their competency in dealing with clients with sex-related concern. The article relates the objectives, methods, and outcome of the course. (Author/HMV)

Author looked at the development of school, polytechnic and university biology in Britain in the past decade and made some brief international comparisons. His intention was to make available some useful information on which the continuing appraisal of future aims and objectives in biological education can be made. (Author/RK)

Three kinds of important and valid educational study are discussed that are needed to provide more research and a better understanding: strict educational research, experimental writing, and policy papers. (ND)

An educational program designed to provide Kenyan villagers with skills useful and necessary at the local level is described. (DE)