Appraised cognitive patterning and development for 142 pairs of twins at 4, 5, and 6 years of age. From the results it was inferred that within a broad range of home environments, the genotype exerts a significant influence on the child's cognitive development. (Author/SDH)

Analyzed 20 test items for evidence of concordance for samples that included at least 120 pairs of identical twins and 85 pairs of same-sex fraternal twins at ages 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Also computed within-pair correlations for the total number of Piagetian-equivalent items passed. (Author/SDH)

Examines the effects of age and of incidental-learning tasks on recall of a categorized word list by two groups of adults (18-30 years and 55-65 years). (ED)

Piaget's concept of "internalization" is analyzed and related to Bruner's representational theories of cognitive development. Cognitive structures are shown to be real exclusively in an actual representation. (Author/SDH)

Subjects with low levels of cognitive moral development chose either traditional morality, the double standard, or permissiveness without affection standard. Those with a moderate degree of cognitive moral development chose permissiveness with affection. The formulation of premarital sexual standards was discussed and theoretical implications were…

High level thinking abilities extend beyond just command of facts and concepts. More crucial is idea use and refinement through discourse encounters. Thinking in classrooms is served by dialogic teachers who understand and use the right discourse tactics and designs. Effective discourse will usually be accompanied by: (1) extended idea exchanges;…

Papers from the meeting "Prevention Research: Deterring Drug Abuse Among Children and Adolescents" which focused on social skills and social inoculation approaches and also included a contrasting cognitive-developmental approach are presented in this document. These papers are included: (1) "Overview of Drug Abuse Prevention Research," (Catherine…

This book explains how to develop the positive outlook that turns "ordinary" competitors into winners whether they are on the playing field or off. With examples from real life, ways are pointed out to focus one's commitment, overcome obstacles to excellence, and achieve greater overall personal and professional satisfaction. Written by a former…

This paper examines the relationship between wisdom and logic as found in adult reasoning. Material is from the current and growing literature in this area. The proposal that adult reasoning is dialectical and, therefore, beyond formal operations is scrutinized in light of popular definitions of wisdom, since wisdom is generally considered to be…

Word concepts have long been recognized as an integral part of intelligence, and word definition tasks are frequently used to measure them. Entire subtests requiring definitions, usually called vocabulary tests, are common; because of their apparent stability and comparability with overall intelligence, these subtests have been given a preeminent…

Inquiry teaching forces students to actively engage in articulating theories and principles that are critical to understanding a domain. Inquiry teachers have three distinct goals: (1) to help students construct a given theory or set of principles; (2) to help students construct novel theories or principles; and (3) to teach students how to pose…

This study was designed to discover why young children fail to respond to fables in the same way as older children and adults. The paper describes a model of fable comprehension and appreciation which posits that the moral lesson of a fable is specified by the nature of the outcome that results from the actions of the main character. Although…

This report discusses the construct and criterion-related validity of the Nebraska Wisconsin Cognitive Assessment Battery (NEWCAB), on the basis of pooled regional data collected in Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, and Wisconsin on a 3-year longitudinal sample of 107 6-year-old, 141 7-year-old, and 160 8-year-old children. Designed to assess the cognitive…