The development and interrelationship of various measures of independence in children ages 3-12 are examined. Subjects were scored on measures of locus of control and achievement motivation and were rated by teachers on independence and achievement. Subjects were also scored on reliance on adult evaluation and self-evaluation. The results showed…

Designed to identify the major problems of the non-committed high school learner and to suggest specific, practical courses of action for the experienced educator, this book emphasizes the positive approach that everyone can improve if given feedback for his responses. Chapters are concerned with (1) identifying the non-committed learner; (2) the…

Two objectives of this project were: (1) to discover what specific methods of arousing motivation are most effective for particular groups, and (2) to prepare instructional materials which will make the prototype achievement motivation course and motivational climates available to a wider number of educators. Attention is given to the methods…

One of the most important implications for professional adult educators drawn from this review of the literature (emphasizing seven research studies which focus on the individual learner) stems from the increasing evidence that adults plan a great deal of learning for themselves without any assistance or intervention from professional adult…

This book is designed for low-intermediate to advanced students of English as a second language. It provides a look at the world that awaits the foreign student who is to be suddenly immersed in an English-speaking society. The format involves a number of letters written by an American university student to a foreign student planning a trip to the…

Innovative curricular reforms in language instruction at an inner-city experimental high school are described in this article. The primary concern for flexibility in enrollment procedures, language offerings, planning of learning opportunities, and, in general, the total curriculum, is prompted by the recognition of individual differences and…

This report evaluates the third year of a Specialized Language Activities program conducted for students who demonstrated poor usage and command of English. The activities are designed to motivate the students to use oral language. The report provides a detailed description of the activities and how they are conducted. It provides statistical data…

This is an illustration of the use of various measures in particular elements, including self-descriptive devices, all of which are designed to emphasize most precise measurement of potential, rather than already developed abilities and skills. See also TM 001 163-165 for further information on the job element method, and use of the J-Scale.…

The concept of multicultural education is discussed along with implications for accepting and fostering cultural differences. The concept of cultural pluralism must be broadened to include a commitment to the right to be different if the full benefits of multicultural education are to be realized. A wide range of qualities can be included in…

Five statistical techniques were used to analyze the data collected in a previous article (TM 511 223) on student achievement, attention, and motivation in secondary school mathematics and science: ordinary least squares regression, canonical correlation, factorial modeling, partial least squares path analysis, and linear structural relations…

Interaction effects of 524 grade six pupils' achievement motives, ability level, future time orientation, sex, and perceived importance of school activity were considered in relation to approach/avoidance motivation. Achievement scores were positively related to approach motivation; successs-oriented, high-ability girls and moderate-ability boys…

Adults may seek out learning at different times in their lives, for different reasons, and for vastly different purposes. Some of the reasons are to achieve pre-determined goals; to fill education gaps; to explore options and make choices; to develop personally; to perform a job or role better; or to enhance employment prospects. Learning itself…

A qualitative case study approach with individual and focus group interviews identified senior enlisted Army soldiers' primary motivations and perceived barriers to postsecondary education participation. The 92 interviewees shared these common characteristics: they were enlisted soldiers, were older, attended college part time, worked full time,…

A number of factors have come together to generate a renewed interest in adult learning in Organization for Economic Cooperation Development (OECD) countries, including emphasis on demand shifts associated with technology and globalization; large size of skills needs; and aging population. Major gaps in knowledge about adult learning still hinder…

This action research project implemented and evaluated an intervention for improving student engagement in the learning process. The targeted population consisted of first, third, and fifth grade students in a small, traditional, middle class community, located in central Illinois. Evidence of non-engaged behaviors were documented from teacher…