Discusses the relationship between the problems involved in the creation of expert systems by knowledge engineers, i.e., experts at translating human abilities and knowledge into computer programs, and the major issues dealt with in the planning/analysis phases of instructional development. (MBR)

Discussion of checklists and their variations--job aids, algorithms, heuristics, and decision tables--covers what they are, how they are generated, and some implications of checklisting for instruction, evaluation, and learning. Examples of various kinds of checklists and 11 references are provided. (MBR)

Argues that in order to understand the complexities of the nuclear arms race, it is necessary to understand "nukespeak," a "language" of euphemisms, jargon, and acronyms used in talking about nuclear matters. Learning activities and projects for high school English classes are suggested, and a 45-term nukespeak glossary is…

The concepts of fine and popular art are relative, and the distinction between the two is slight, if not illusory. Examples of both should be used in aesthetic education classes. (RM)

A poll of historians on their views about the nature of history, definitions of ideology, war causation, international relations, and U.S. foreign and military policy showed that all historians think in ideological patterns. However, no meaningful correlations were found between specific ideologies and specific historical theories. (RM)

Are creative people highly self-actualized? Are self-actualized people highly creative? This research project attempts to understand and define these two concepts more clearly, and to answer the above questions. (Author/RK)

Discusses the problems inherent in reading mathematics. Suggests specific reading abilities for comprehending mathematical exposition. (Author/RK)

An analysis of the phrase "equality of educational opportunity" is offered to show that differing values determine different conclusions about the nature of education and the presence of opportunities. (GW)

This issue of "Residential Group Care Quarterly" contains the following articles: (1) "National Definitions and Data Collection for Residential Care Facilities' Use of Restraint and Seclusion" (Lloyd Bullard); (2) "CWLA Publishes Best Practices in Behavior Support and Intervention Assessment Instrument" (Nupur Gupta); (3) "Initial Findings of an…

This book is a rare peek into the divergent--and at times contentious--points of view among world's leading researchers on what the condition of mental retardation is and how it should be defined, measured, and implemented in the 21st century. It is a candid and insightful collection of essays from experts on issues ranging from whether mental…

Because of their unique social, legal, and political status, American Indians and Alaska Natives are subject to legislative oversight unlike any other group in the United States. Census data are used to monitor the size and characteristics of the American Indian and Alaska Native population living on and off reservations. Passed in 1978 to ensure…

Problem Based Learning (PBL) has been adopted around the world as a philosophy and method for teaching and learning in professional education in particular. Advocates of the approach have made many claims for its success. Despite the apparent widespread use of this approach and the plethora of published papers on PBL, there are numerous basic…

The definition-construction process is central to mathematics. The aim of this paper is to propose a few Situations of Definition-Construction (called SDC) and to study them. Our main objectives are to describe the definition-construction process and to design SDC for classroom. A SDC on "discrete straight line" and its mathematical and…

Over the years, the definitions of educational standards have become more varied, and the issue of what standards really mean has become more confusing. The answer to the question, "For whom are content standards developed?" helps determine who takes them seriously. Establishing clear content standards plays a critical role in an…

This paper reviews research on the classification of students with learning disability (LD). It first examines the evolution of LD definitions and the evidence for three components of LD classification: discrepancy, heterogeneity, and exclusion. It suggests that classification hypotheses involving discrepancy and exclusion have weak validity and…