Results of a study involving professionals skilled in working with abusive families, as well as university undergraduates who were asked to identify abusive parents from videotapes of abusive and matched control parent-child dyads during free play, indicated that performance levels of both groups were at chance levels. (Author/DB)

Explores basic leadership concepts, demolishes three leadership myths, and advises principals concerning ways to vary their management styles using either directive or interactive behavior. Choice of style depends on the situation and a particular subordinate's degree of readiness or compliance. (MLH)

Investigated teenagers' use of the shopping mall as a "hangout" through interviews with 51 adolescents using the mall, and 10 hours of behavioral observations. Results indicated that many teenagers visit the shopping center regularly to watch members of the opposite sex, play video games, see friends, shop, and people-watch. (Author/NRB)

The impact of undesirable competing behaviors on maintenance and generalization of desirable behaviors by two 8 year-olds with severe developmental disabilities was examined. Desired behaviors were often replaced by less desirable behaviors which served the same function within maintenance and/or generalization situations. (Author/CL)

Investigated determinants of weight gain after quitting smoking in two smoking treatment outcome studies. Results indicated abstinence resulted in weight gain, and postquitting weight gain was predicted by pretreatment tobacco use, a history of weight problems, and eating patterns. Relapse to smoking did not follow weight gain. (Author/BL)

Teachers completed rating scales on learning disabled male and female students 6-18 years old. While replicating findings from previous studies, the results revealed some important differences, that is, problems found to be characteristic of learning disabled students differed according to sex and age level. (Author/CL)

Examined the predictive significance of selected demographic, education, and behavioral variables in identifying potential offenders among mentally retarded juveniles. Results indicated the variables successfully discriminated between the adolescents, with mentally retarded offenders having a sibling with court referral, lower school attendance,…

An observational study is reported in which social interactions and on-task behavior were investigated in a mainstreaming program for 20 severely multihandicapped children. It was concluded that severely multihandicapped students in this program experienced many interactions with nonhandicapped children and that their educational activities were…

Three punishment procedures--contingent applications of water mist, lemon juice, and vinegar--were evaluated as aversive treatment methods for a self-stimulatory behavior exhibited by a severely retarded 11-year-old male. The water mist procedure was as effective as lemon juice or vinegar, presented less physical threat to the client, and was…

Social mastery motivation in 11 Down syndrome (DS) and nondelayed infants was observed during social tasks that encouraged socially motivated behaviors and object-play tasks that did not. During object play, DS infants' object-directed behaviors were not appreciably lower, while social behaviors were. During social tasks, no significant difference…

Two short (20-second and 60-second) overcorrection procedures were effective in suppressing stereotypic behaviors of a 7- and a 12-year-old autistic student. (CL)

The Personal Competence Profile was administered to 30 male adults with Down syndrome and 30 without Down syndrome matched on age, IQ, and years of instituionalization. Down syndrome subjects rated higher on attention, calmness, and niceness but lower on sensation, language, and boldness. (Author/CL)

Three studies were undertaken to examine ways in which profoundly disabled infants and children interact with the environment. Findings suggested that the Ss were active responders and processors of environmental stimuli and that automated equipment under their control was highly motivating for them. (CL)

Suggests that the learning of sex roles is based on a bipolar dichotomy of gender-appropriate behaviors. Response alternatives are discussed including the single polarity, bipolar acceptance, and integration of polarities. Contends that integration is essential for growth. (JAC)

Explores the transference phenomenon and five of its manifestations in the counseling situation, including perceptions of the counselor as: (1) ideal, (2) seer, (3) nurturer, (4) frustrator, and (5) nonentity. Proposes methods for managing clients' transference behaviors. (LLL)