This study attempted to determine if there was a stable and preferred mode of perceptual organization and conceptual classification of stimuli which influenced the ability of female pre-service elementary teachers to acquire the science concepts presented in a general elementary credential preparation course. It is an example of ex post facto…

The need for an empirically defensible means of sequencing instruction appears to have been the primary motivator for research into learning hierarchies. Four methods for generating candidates for learning hierarchies were reviewed: introspection, formal analysis, observation, and statistical "fishing." Experimental transfer of training…

In order to investigate learning theories, media researchers need to explore three variables: (1) the psychological requirements of a given learning task, (2) individual differences in cognitive style, and (3) specific media characteristics. It is necessary to identify the psychological processes which underlie any specific learning task in order…

The main objective of the Goteborg Project on Non-Verbatim Learning was to arrive at a commensurable description of the process and outcome of non-verbatim learning, also referred to as meaningful verbal learning. Such a description was thought to be a necessary presupposition for any explanatory models both in experiments on learning and in the…

This paper explores the characteristics and problems many language learning disabled (LLD) and dyslexic students have in college and suggests ways for college English composition teachers to help them. LLD students are often poor spellers and their handwriting looks like that of a younger child. Constant difficulty with certain grammatical…

The Training Effectiveness, Cost Effectiveness Technique for choosing instructional delivery systems for proposed training programs during conceptual design phase is outlined, in three steps. Training objectives are classified and organized into groups, appropriate learning strategies are identified, and the costs of alternative forms of training…

As part of the Quality Assurance procedures, a final test was administered to a sample of the classes participating in the 1970-71 Instructional Concepts Program (ICP). The posttest was designed to measure end-of-program performance on each of the six program outcomes: Color, Shape, Size, Position, Amount, and Pre-Mathematics. This report…

Because there is a need to measure performance of pupils with complex concepts, the Slide Sorting Task was developed to measure performance on complex concepts of freedom, non-freedom, justice, non-justice. The development of this instrument was presented along with the results of item analyses with several groups of subjects ranging from age…

A conceptual model of learning environments and the procedures necessary for its investigation are proposed. It is argued that a research agenda involving longitudinal, comparative case-study designs and using field-method techniques is the only method capable of generating a solid base of information on the relationship between structural…

To test some aspects of Skinnerian programed instruction, a 241-frame program on Swedish grammar was presented to students 10 to 12 years old. Skinnerian insistence on student-constructed overt responses and on presenting the "key answer" after each frame were contrasted with covert responses and key answer frequencies less than 100…

An integrated learning strategy program emphasizing a connection technique employing questions and answers was developed and tested. Components were derived from a review of educational and psychological literature and from an analysis of responses to a learning-strategy inventory. Visual imagery and paraphrasing connection also were evaluated.…

Three stages of the developing second language of a 3;9-3;11 year-old English-speaking child in an Urdu speech milieu were examined and compared with findings that have been accumulated about the order and process of first language acquisition. The study showed that in the development of many syntactic and morphological features the child used…

Some aspects of a theory of grammar are presented which derive from a formal theory of language acquisition. One aspect of the theory is a universal constraint on analyzability known as the Freezing Principle, which supplants a variety of constraints proposed in the literature. A second aspect of the theory is the Invariance Principle, a…

Various methods of implementing the Individually Guided Education program of the Wisconsin Research and Development Center for Cognitive Learning are listed and described. Avenues by which schools may obtain computer support for managing instruction are suggested. IGE methods are contrasted with the self-contained classroom and…

It is hypothesized that free, spontaneous interaction cannot be easily attained in language courses which are rigid and mechanical. For this reason, the author urges the development of instructional materials which facilitate a smooth and natural transition from "skill-getting" to "skill-using." Discussion of Jerome Bruner's theory of language…