Designed to explore (1) developmental changes in exact and partial imitation of manual and facial movements, (2) model differences, and (3) gesture differences, this study observed infants at 2, 12, and 24 weeks of age. A hypothesis is proposed that links early nonselective behaviors and attributed imitation to emergence of imitative behavior…

Kindergarten and fourth-grade children participated in a study designed to assess the effects of number of models and type of behavior modeled on developmental differences of children's subsequent generosity. As predicted, generosity of younger children was affected by behavior of model(s) to a greater extent than was that of older children.…

Describes a study of 300 male and female college administrators to measure their ability to adapt leadership styles to different leadership situations and problems as they arise. Results indicate that there are not significant differences between male and female administrators in their overall administrative effectiveness nor in their overall…

Examined drinking patterns in 256 graduate social work students. Results showed 218 used alcohol. Wine was the generally preferred beverage, despite age, sex, ethnic, and religious differences. Hispanics were the lightest drinkers. A substantial majority of the students wanted course work in alcoholism. (JAC)

Demonstrated a set of research techniques that combine multidimensional scaling, a quantitative cognitive procedure, and a cost-outcome analysis to study subgroup behavior of obsessive-compulsives (N=12). Results indicated that obsessive-compulsives are underinclusive in their evaluation of stimuli during judgment task. (LLL)

Effects of several levels of exercise on inappropriate behaviors of four trainable mentally impaired students were observed. Results indicated a decrease in all three inappropriate behaviors for three of four students and an inverse relationship between the level of exercise and the amount of inappropriate behavior for three of four students.…

Analysis of surveys administered to 151 special and regular educators, ancillary school personnel, administrators, and mental health personnel revealed behavioral clusters most likely to impede transitions from a mental health to educational setting. Survey responses further identified factors in ancillary support and classroom-related services…

The article describes five dimensions of handicapped children's behavior likely to be affected by environments: engagement, independence, aggression, social interaction, and happiness. Research and theory documenting the relationship between environments and behavior are reviewed and guidelines for matching changes in preschool environments to…

The effects of classroom lighting methods on activity level, achievement, visual acuity/fatigue, and health of nonhandicapped and handicapped students are reviewed. Effects of different levels of illumination on behavior also are discussed. Methodological deficiencies and lack of replication have resulted in few tenable conclusions. (Author/CL)

Examines mastery of spatial-transposition problems by 20-, 30-, and 42-month-old children. Subjects performed well on irrelevant transpositions of three cups. However, on relevant transpositions the correct cup was not selected until 42 months. Results suggest that children initially acquire search patterns on an experimental basis and gradually…

Examines relevant literature from the seventeenth century to the present regarding myths about adolescence. The findings do not support the contentions that adolescence is a time of rebellious, antisocial, and unacceptable behavior. Debunking of these myths will allow professionals who work with adolescents to maintain objectivity. (JAC)

Analysis of videotaped mother interactions with 21 visually impaired and 16 nonhandicapped infants revealed that visually impaired infants demonstrated fewer periods of positive vocalization and responses, fewer social initiations, more negative vocalizations and periods of negative affect, and more ignoring of the mothers than did the controls.…

Examined the relationship of gender-role orientation and specific behavioral coping responses of wives (N=82) experiencing a long-term separation from their military spouses. Results showed that an androgynous gender-role orientation was significantly associated with four of the five coping patterns identified as helpful to wives managing a…

Discusses the attempted and actual suicide behavior of elementary school children. Notes the incidence of childhood suicide, discusses causes, and considers implications for counselors. Suggests that counseling can help children and their families learn better coping, communication, and problem-solving skills. (JAC)

Tested the validity of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) with accused murderers (N=96) undergoing pre-trial evaluations. Results indicated four predictors of MMPI elevated scores: low intelligence, history of drug abuse, suspiciousness observed on the ward, and the fact that the accused was a stranger to the victim. (LLL)