Refinements of work with calculator algorithms previously conducted by the author are reported. Work with "chaining" and the doing/undoing property in addition and subtraction was tested with 24 third-grade students. Results indicated the need for further instruction with both ideas. Students were able to manipulate the calculator keyboard, but…

As the use of online literature searching systems increases, the need for reducing the amount of nonrelevant material encountered by the users becomes more apparent. One method for achieving greater selectivity in document retrieval is by using relevance (or utility) estimates from past users to estimate document values for future users. However,…

A visual problem-solving technique applicable to several different classes of mechanics time-dependent problems is discussed. The computer is used to solve the equations of motion of various mechanical systems by one of several standard methods, and the solutions are displayed in time increments. A specific example is provided to illustrate this…

Ninety students in an introductory chemistry class were divided into three groups to test the power of algorithms to increase logical thinking abilities. The experimental group received approximately 10 hours of laboratory instruction based on the use of procedural algorithms. Experiment and control groups were tested for logical thinking…

Abstracts of 28 research reports are provided. The reports were prepared by investigators for presentation at the 54th annual meeting of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. A broad range of topics related to mathematics education are covered. Three reports concern the effects of differing presentations of mathematics, four are related…

The absence of suitable external criteria is a recurrent problem for test, battery, and inventory developers in selecting items or tests for inclusion in final operational instruments. This report presents a computing algorithm developed for use when no adequate external selection criterion is available. The algorithm uses a multiple linear…

The concept of an algorithm derives from the physical sciences, but it has often been misunderstood and misapplied in the social sciences and in education. The theoretical and practical significance of algorithms stems from their applicability to problems of learning, instruction, and instructional design, and they may potentially provide the…

The purpose of this study was to compare the repeated subtraction method of long division of a partitioning distributive method, both taught by recording manipulation of popsicle sticks. Two instructional units were prepared. Twelve fourth grade classes were used, with six being taught one approach and six using the other. Tests consisting of…

Utilization of the card catalog in the main library (Sterling Memorial Library) of Yale University was studied over a period of more than a year. Traffic flow in the catalog was observed, and was used as the basis for scheduling interviews with a representative sample of catalog users at the moment of catalog use. More than 2000 interviews were…

In order to mechanize the processing of natural language, the linguist must make the machine interpret the meaning, or semantic content of the language, in some way or other. This means that the machine should extract not only syntactic but also semantic information from the source sentence through the analysis of it. In this paper, the authors…

Designed for the student who has acquired basic computational skills with non-negative rational numbers, this guidebook delineates minimum course content to further develop students' computational skills with whole numbers. Place value and estimation are also covered. General goals, performance objectives, a course outline, suggested teaching…

Procrustes rotation involves fitting a factor pattern matrix to a specified target matrix in factor analysis. These rotations are useful for the investigator who wishes to see how well his data can be made to fit a hypothesized factor pattern matrix. The mathematical problems involved in these transformations are outlined and computer algorithms…

To fully develop a teacher cost model, it is essential to be able to forecast the number of teachers that leave the experience category distribution -- not only the total number that leave, but also the number that leave from each category and experience level within the distribution. Similarly, it is essential to be able to forecast, to the same…

Evaluation sheets and developmental checklists, prepared by three special education departments, are provided to facilitate continuous measurement of student progress in elementary school mathematics. One hundred forty-three objectives are given, and each is followed by a continuum-oriented set of worksheet-type pages on mathematics skills. The…

The author describes a technique for teaching various aspects of the subtraction algorithm (e.g., regrouping, borrowing) by relating them to the use of money. (SD)