Used data from sibling pairs from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to examine how parental education moderated the genetic and environmental contributions to variation in verbal IQ. Found that the variance estimate for heritability was greater than that for shared environment for the whole sample. Both estimates were moderated…

This study examined the phenotypic and genotypic relationship between working memory speed (WMS) and working memory capacity (WMC) in 12-year-old twins and their siblings (N = 409). To asses WMS all children performed a reaction time task with three memory loads from which a basic mental speed measure and the derived slope were used. WMC was…

Objective:: Little is known about Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) in Chinese societies. This study examined CSA experiences and associations with demographic factors, self-reported health and risky behaviors among senior high school students in four provinces in central and northern China. Method:: Students in four schools in Hubei, Henan, Hebei, and…

This article presents quantitative and qualitative accounts of relational discourses in a random sample of approximately 4100 texts written by Irish young people (aged 10-12 and 14-17 years). The existence of such discourses is indicated by references to family and friends. The article shows that although the majority refer to such ties in their…

This article describes the resentment and jealousy that is sometimes exhibited by siblings of special-needs children, and the steps that can be taken by teachers and parents to help these children reestablish their social-emotional balance. Dr. Brodkin suggests that teachers be alert for opportunities to praise such children when they exhibit…

The stresses experienced by most families include limitations on time, conditions of employment, financial burdens and sibling rivalry. For the families of a child with a chronic illness, these stresses are often compounded, making family functioning problematic. Chronic illness is marked by permanency and the need for ongoing vigilance with…

Our purpose for conducting this investigation was to extend the research on the help that siblings of children with mental retardation give to their brothers and sisters to include not only custodial care, but also other forms of helping behavior, such as emotional support, tangible aid, and information giving. We compared 100 siblings (50 with…

Many extant studies on the use of non-parental child care are based on data from the youngest child in the household. To date, it has not been addressed whether this approach introduces bias. We present reasons why child care arrangements for youngest children may differ from those of same-age older children and examine whether the use of child…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions Latino eighth grade students have of school and schooling factors as they transition to high school and the factors that may influence their self-perceived likelihood of graduating from high school. Middle schools are poised to help Latino students prepare themselves for a smoother…

This paper provides a brief overview of what is currently known about families of children with Down syndrome. In addition, it highlights a number of issues that require further research if we are to have a thorough understanding of the impact of a child with Down syndrome on families as a system and on the individuals who make up that system.…

The first children in a family to attain a higher education, referred to as "first-generation students," embody the realization of social mobility. Previous analysis has often portrayed them as succeeding despite their family background. This research suggests that although they face many material challenges, their families are often a…

While adolescents tend to under-use professional mental health services for depression, they informally seek health-related information from parents and peers. In this study, we interviewed 15 adolescents to examine how the views and behaviours of others influence teens' decisions about seeking care for depression. Using a grounded theory…

A study explored the extent to which a child's birth order is associated with differential treatment by others. Twenty pairs of siblings between 4 and 9 years of age were observed interacting in a laboratory setting. All were white, middle-class children whose mothers had at least some college education. The children played with and without their…

It is a truism of research on social stratification that the effects of socioeconomic or family background on educational attainment lead to biases in the simple regression of occupational status (or other putative outcomes of schooling) on educational attainment. Using a structural equation model of sibling resemblance in educational attainment…

Examined were the incidence of retardation and related risk factors (including cerebral palsy) among 446 siblings of 179 severely retarded children (IQ less than 50) with unknown etiology. (CL)