Objectives: To examine the prevalence of bullying behavior in adolescents from Cape Town and Durban, South Africa, and the association of these behaviors with levels of violence and risk behavior. Method: Five thousand and seventy-four adolescent schoolchildren in grade 8 (mean age 14.2 years) and grade 11 (mean age 17.4 years) at 72 Government…

The purpose of the study was to investigate the associations between first-time full-time freshmen's attributes and fall-to-fall retention at Northeast State Technical Community College. The 15 attributes included age, first-generation student status, gender, high school classification, race, the student's application date to the institution…

This paper uses data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to explore the effect of fertility on high school dropout, and differences in that effect by age at first birth. Fertility is conceptualized as a series of states: pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, and motherhood. Pregnant students and mothers are much more likely to drop out…

Evidence suggests that the neurological substrate of emotional behavior is lateralized by brain hemisphere early in life. A study examined the emotional expressions of preterm infants, some of whom had unilateral periventrical echodensities (PVE), as a model for addressing this issue. The study population of 25 preterm infants was videotaped at 3…

Dimensions of word meaning are examined, and a framework for describing and teaching Chinese words in the context of Chinese second language instruction is offered. It is argued that every word has limitations of usage that must be understood before it can be used appropriately. The limitations, or dimensions, include these: connotative (emotional…

This paper examines the School Culture Survey developed by J. Saphier and M. King (1985) and its association with school and teacher characteristics. The research was conducted in the context of a Department of Education Fund for Innovation in Education grant to a large school district in the western United States. Participants were 27 principals…

Two studies examined people's ideas about conflicts between the morality of friendship and the morality of individual autonomy. Study 1 included 144 subjects of 15, 18, and 21 years of age. In individual interviews, subjects were asked (1) what they would do in dilemmas in which friendship expectations conflicted with individual autonomy; (2) the…

The Cambridge Sibling Study sought to investigate the structure of sibling relationship changes as children grow up, and the patterns of individual differences in these relationships in middle childhood and adolescence. It followed a group of siblings from 43 families from the preschool period through middle childhood and early adolescence. Four…

The rapid growth in aging populations in Britain, as in other countries, has led to a dramatic academic and professional interest in gerontology. This book brings together major research studies and information about aging Asian and Afro-Caribbean people in Britain. It is an attempt to relate theory and practice on gerontology to race and…

A study investigated whether children and adolescents use commas and the principle of Late Closure to guide sentence parsing decisions as adults do in processing syntactically ambiguous sentences. The study consisted of three experiments, conducted similarly but with different subject groups: 24 university students; 24 fourth-graders; and 19…

This policy brief examines states' experiences and data regarding implementation of the transition planning mandate of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. It reports on a study which investigated whether implementation of transition planning was associated with decreased dropout rates for youth with disabilities and whether the format…

This study sought to determine the usefulness of undergraduate grade point average (GPA) and Graduate Record Exam (GRE) scores as predictors of the time it takes to complete a Master of Science degree. It examined six variables taken from the files of 100 students who had completed Master of Science degrees in geology at Bowling Green University…

This paper describes a study of students' abilities to read and understand maps that are essential for understanding how geographical factors played in shaping a country's history. The maps help to: (1) relay location of countries; (2) demonstrate changes in the geographical boundaries caused by historical events; and (3) elevate the students'…

This paper presents results of a LISREL factor analysis on data from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Chinese Revised (WISC-CR) (published in 1986) for children ages 6.5 to 16.5 years, using a standardization sample of 200 children (100 males and 100 females) at each of…

Children's leadership expression in different types of group activities from early elementary school through high school was examined. Parents and teachers of 354 Western New York kindergarten through twelfth-grade public school students completed questionnaires assessing the children's leadership expression. Results indicated that leadership in…