This study investigated the effect of labeling a girl as "patient" on the girl's subsequent self-imposed delay of gratification. Subjects were 78 girls from 5 1/2 to 9 years of age. In a delay task, each child's possession of accumulating candy rewards was made contingent upon her stopping further accumulation. Labeled girls waited longer than did…

This study investigates the role of labeling in developmental increases in picture recall. In two experiments, the memory for pictorial paired-associates of first graders or second graders, fourth graders and adults was evaluated by means of a study-test cued recall procedure. In Experiment 1, the stimulus presentation duration (on-time) and the…

A study was made to consider 19 possible attitudes of 4-H adult leaders, to learn what these leaders feel is their function, and to determine what training is needed to fulfill the functions of a 4-H leaders. Data consisted of previous related research and of questionnaire responses from 83 leaders in Johnson and Shelby Counties, Indiana. Leaders…

This study sought to identify the adult student body in liberal education at the Oklahoma Center for Continuing Education, to describe student characteristics and participation, and to learn if there is a participation relationship between liberal education programs and vocationally oriented programs at the Center. As determined from enrollment…

Twenty-four children each at the age levels of 6, 9, 12, and 15 years were tested on four types of experimentally determined conceptual clues in a study of concept identification and, therefore, language comprehension. Superordinates, similars, parts, and locations were selected as clue words, and the four clues were combined into all possible…

Measures of powerlessness, life satisfaction, and community solidarity were used to assess the extent to which people in four rural counties in northwest Wisconsin felt integrated into their communities and society. Relationships between formal and informal social participation measures and these three subjective indicators were central to this…

The Situational Attitude Scale-Age (SASA) was developed to measure attitudes toward older individuals, using a specific set of situations to which respondents react either as actors or spectators. Each of the ten situational statements are followed by bi-polar semantic differential scales. Three forms of the SASA were developed containing the same…

Children judged the ability and effort of peers whose test performance varied across two dimensions: number of problems attempted and percentage correct. There was a developmental progression in the children's evaluative approach. Younger children used only one cue, number correct, to evaluate both ability and effort. Older children used both cues…

This study examined age differences in children's visual fixation and search strategies of two dimensional visual stimuli. The hypotheses tested were: (1) that no age differences exist in general search strategies regardless of stimuli position, (2) that age differences could be expected with respect to the number and duration of visual fixations,…

This study investigated the relative effectiveness of verbal and visual modes of presentation on the learning of paired-associates by 64 3-year-old and 64 8-year-old children. Nine pictorial paired-associates and 9 verbal paired-associates were formed from pictures or names of familiar objects. At each age level, 8 male and 8 female subjects were…

This report is the result of a sociolinguistic survey of the French-speaking minority of Welland, Ontario, most of which is bilingual. Interviews were carried out and taped in French with sixty French-speaking adults. Two series of closed questions and one series of open questions were asked, the former yielding detailed data concerning the…

This study is an attempt to apply ethological tools of observation and analysis to the social behavior of 25 communally-reared children, ages 6 months to 4 years. The focus of this analysis is aggression and dominance relations. Findings indicate that: (1) agonistic behavior reveals stable and linear dominance hierarchies for children from 6…

Teaching pronunciation is more like gymnastics than linguistics because it involves converting a series of mental processes into motor activity. Many variables contribute to the facility with which a student will learn pronunciation, but age causes the greatest variation in standards of pronunciation learning between individuals. Though increased…

Conducted in Jackson County, Iowa, this four year followup study of the county's adult evening high school completion program was designed to reveal and measure long-range financial, educational, and social benefits. Questionnaire data were obtained on present age, sex, occupations, marital and family status, and other background characteristics…

This study assessed the personality traits of Oklahoma field extension personnel as related to certain professional and social attributes and to job involvement. A special background questionnaire, a job involvement inventory, and a true false test called the California Psychological Inventory (CPI) were administered to 77 county extension…