Identifies contributions of Liben and Bigler's studies to gender development related to measuring self and other sex typing, developing a theoretical account of the self-other relation, and incorporating individual differences. Raises questions about measures used and interpretations of the findings. Suggests issues for future research:…

This study explored judgments and reasoning of Chinese 13- to 18-year-olds regarding making decisions involving children in peer, family, and school contexts. Findings indicated that judgments and reasoning about decision-making varied by social context and by the decision under consideration. Evaluations of procedures became more differentiated…

Revises an earlier experiment that revealed age-related increases in sensitivity to rhythmic information when judging the difference between a theme and selected pitch and rhythm variations. Tested the possibility that the developmental differences found earlier were due to characteristics of the test melody. Results supported the earlier study.…

Reviews two experiments that strongly support dual coding theory. Dual coding theory holds that communicating concretely (tactile, auditory, or visual stimuli) affects evaluative thinking stronger than communicating abstractly through words and numbers. The experiments applied this theory to the realm of age and evaluation. (MJP)

Summarizes a recent study concerning the impact of age on students' verbal participation in the college classroom. Discovered that age, gender, attendance, week in semester, and time of day were significant determinants. Examines students' reasons for their lack of participation and offers suggestions to increase it. (MJP)

This study compared the satisfactions and dissatisfactions of teachers of emotionally/behaviorally impaired students in special education, of general education teachers, and of teachers responsible for both regular and special needs students. Younger, less experienced teachers of students in special education were the most dissatisfied.…

A study of 489 African American first-, fourth-, and seventh-grade students examined children's knowledge of gangs. Findings indicated that students are well aware of gang activities in their neighborhoods and can readily name the groups present in their inner-city environment. Students' awareness of gangs increases with age and may represent a…

Describes study that was designed to explore whether elementary students of different ages could effectively use selected electronic information services. The performances of students in grades two-three and grades four-six in using an online encyclopedia are compared, examples of searches are presented, and suggestions for further research are…

Administered paired-comparison questionnaire to ethnically mixed undergraduates (N-339) to measure preferences for 14 counselor characteristics. Found top 4 counselor characteristics cited by all 3 ethnic groups (Asian-American, Mexican-American, and Caucasian-American) to be counselors with similar attitudes, similar personality, greater…

The relationships of age, gender, size of hometown, parental education, parental occupation, parental income, and marital status to medical school outcomes of preclinical performances, clinical performance, attrition, specialty choice, and practice location are summarized. The full value of using demographic variables derives from data obtained in…

Examined perceptions of students on communication skills and self-management strategies as initial database for substance abuse program planning and evaluation at one high school. Found significant differences between the interpersonal communication scores and the variables of age, sex, and grade levels, and student participation in the substance…

The Australian Federal Government's policy of increasing the participation of school leavers in tertiary studies and the possible effect this may have on access to tertiary studies for mature age students are discussed. A study that addresses the social composition of tertiary students is described. (MLW)

Reports on studies focusing on individual attrition of English as a Second Language in an environment where Hebrew is the dominant language. Age, sociolinguistic features, input variables, and linguistic variables are discussed as well as major trends of change in language use that identify a limited reversal of the acquisition process. 29…

King's College (Pennsylvania) has redesigned its faculty reward system, mixing intrinsic and extrinsic incentives in three interrelated institutional initiatives related to general educational reform, senior faculty performance appraisal, and merit pay. An early result of the effort is a perceptible improvement in faculty motivation and…

Compared the use of conditional logic in adult-adult and adult-child conversation. Results indicated that conversation patterns and inferences were similar except that children made fewer independent inferences and shifts in taxonomic level and responded more frequently to socially controlling statements than did adults. (AA)