The modality effect in immediate recall refers to superior recall of the last few items within lists presented in spoken as opposed to printed form. The locus of this well-known effect has been unclear. N. Cowan, J. S. Saults, E. M. Elliott, and M. Moreno (2002) introduced a new method to distinguish between the effects of input serial position,…

A study was conducted investigating whether a sequence of visuals presented in a serial manner differs in connotative meaning from the same set of visuals presented simultaneously. How the meanings of pairs of shots relate to their constituent visuals was also explored. Sixteen pairs of visuals were presented to both male and female subjects in…

The present article reports six studies that both extend the range of conditions that produce within-list serial position effects and attempt to unravel three possible theoretical explanations for these functions. (Editor)

The role of reversibility in children's comprehension and memory for sequences of pictures was investigated for children in preschool, kindergarten, and first and second grades. Bidirectionality in the ability to remember and infer antecedents and consequences was assessed. (JMB)

Using a network of comparisons, B. Hayes-Roth and F. Hayes-Roth found that subjects performed better on adjacent than on nonadjacent comparisons. Results suggested that such networks are processed in a manner fundamentally different from simple linear arrays. Here subjects were required to learn a similar knowledge structure. These results…

This research investigates whether subjects who receive the premises for a linear ordering in story format acquire a different memory structure and use a different solution algorithm than subjects who receive the same premises in equation format. (Author/RK)

The tasks with item and position probes seem similar. Given an item probe, a subject must recall its position in the spatial array; given a position probe, the item in that position in the array. Analysis of correct responses and latencies showed that item and position probes yielded different results. (Editor/RK)

Presents a computer program written in BBC BASIC to create fractal patterns. Discusses program modifications and gives graphic examples of changes. (JM)

Research supported in part by grants from the U.S. Public Health Service and the University of California, Los Angeles. (DD)

The performance of the older subjects (10 years and up) was facilitated by the organizational cues, whereas that of younger subjects was not. (Author)

Results demonstrate that the relationship between the structure of positive and negative instances within a learning series is also critical to concept learning when the concepts are presented in a nondimensioned way. (Authors/CB)

The time-series process postulated is a more general form of the integrated moving average model than for which estimation and testing procedures were formerly available. (Author)

Study concerned with the mechanisms in terms of which the developmental transformation from one cognitive structure to another occurs. (Author)