Associations were obtained from 40 subjects (Ss) each at National Taiwan University and the University of Maryland to words presented either vocally or in writing. The words varied in frequency of occurrence for both languages. American Ss produced more associations that the Taiwanese Ss under all conditions. In both samples number of associations…

A FIRST-LEVEL READER IS PRESENTED, PRIMARILY FOR THOSE STUDENTS WHO HAVE A SPEAKING KNOWLEDGE OF PANJABI AND SOME KNOWLEDGE OF PANJABI GRAMMAR. THIS VOLUME CAN BE USED IN A GENERAL PANJABI LANGUAGE COURSE AS A SUPPLEMENT TO CONVERSATIONAL MATERIALS, OR BY ITSELF IN A COURSE ON THE WRITTEN LANGUAGE. A GLOSSARY AND A BRIEF GRAMMATICAL APPENDIX HAVE…

Discusses the use of the two past tenses in French, specifically in literature and news reporting. (AM)

Analyzes the kinds of simplified Chinese characters currently in unofficial use, collected from personal correspondence and published discussions. (KM)

Proofreading is described as a valuable tool for improving performance in written work. (JD)

Reviews research on the association between children's oral language and their writing which, taken as a whole, raises doubts as to the existence of the very close and highly positive relationship some experts say exist between these two aspects of linguistic expression. More than 50 references are cited. (BR)

A collectivity can be defined by the verbal instrument which binds it together. By extension of this thought of Marshall MacLuhan, the importance of the written language as normative for the uniformity, universality and preservation of the phonetic system of the language is discussed. (Text is in Spanish.) (AMH)

This paper describes how problems of input and display in developing a computer-based book catalog including nonroman scripts for the New York Public Library (NYPL) were solved. An innovative approach to filing nonroman entries in a catalog is presented. (Author/KP)

Open-system words (nouns, verbs, adjectives) can function as exponents of a clause relation and be predictive of the organization of written discourse while closed-system words (a, the, and, because, etc.) cannot. Supporting criteria are presented. (DAG)

Description of information mapping technique including advantages, applications, and limitations. (STS)

Students participating in a self-paced basic arithmetic remediation course preferred instructional booklets to audiovisual presentations. (STS)

Among its services, the Technical Assistance Development System at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill provides printed periodicals, monographs, and books to its client organizations involved in early childhood education for the handicapped. (STS)

Describes the use of English in literature written by nonnative speakers. These "new-English" authors present new elements and structures within a matrix of internationally "standard" English. Various pragmatic dimensions of creativity in selected works by such authors are described. (Author/LMO)

Describes a mental game in which (1) the identification of some vividly recalled literary excerpt is postponed and, instead, the source is described as much as possible and (2) the source is identified and checked to see if the description accurately represents it. Uses this game to discuss the relation between speech and literary discourse. (JD)