This discussion argues that the development of children's definitions is shaped by a particular orientation to word meaning characteristic of literate language use. This orientation is marked by increased attention to the linguistic form of expressions. To test this argument, a study was undertaken in which eight common nouns, familiar to most…

The change of emphasis from the written product to writing as a process manifests another important change--one from logical to phenomenological consciousness. Phenomenologically speaking, writing is both "immanent" in the writer and "transcendent" outside the writer. It is thinking of general concepts that actually occurred…

EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES ARE PRESENTED WHICH SHOW THAT IT IS POSSIBLE FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN TO LEARN, IN A RELATIVELY SHORT TIME, WHAT ORDINARILY ARE CONSIDERED TO BE ADVANCED SKILLS. PRESCHOOL CHILDREN OF 2 AND 3 YEARS OF AGE CAN LEARN TO TYPE ON AN ELECTRIC TYPEWRITER, TO PRINT, TO READ, AND TO TAKE DICTATION. THE CAPACITY TO LEARN THESE SKILLS…

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS AT THE ELEMENTARY LEVEL OF THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM ARE PRESENTED TO TEACH THE STUDENTS (1) HOW CHARACTERS ARE PUT TOGETHER, (2) HOW TO TELL ONE CHARACTER FROM ANOTHER, AND (3) HOW TO ANALYZE NEW CHARACTERS INTO APPROPRIATE CONSTITUENTS FOR PURPOSES OF DICTIONARY SEARCH. THE MATERIALS ARE BASED ON AN IMMEDIATE CONSTITUENT…

This paper considers such contracted forms as "I'm,""he's,""we'd," and "isn't" or "won't." It is often assumed, the author states, that every contracted form is derived by surface-level phonological rules from a non-contracted and semantically equivalent counterpart. The author presents evidence to…

Associations were obtained from 40 subjects (Ss) each at National Taiwan University and the University of Maryland to words presented either vocally or in writing. The words varied in frequency of occurrence for both languages. American Ss produced more associations that the Taiwanese Ss under all conditions. In both samples number of associations…

A FIRST-LEVEL READER IS PRESENTED, PRIMARILY FOR THOSE STUDENTS WHO HAVE A SPEAKING KNOWLEDGE OF PANJABI AND SOME KNOWLEDGE OF PANJABI GRAMMAR. THIS VOLUME CAN BE USED IN A GENERAL PANJABI LANGUAGE COURSE AS A SUPPLEMENT TO CONVERSATIONAL MATERIALS, OR BY ITSELF IN A COURSE ON THE WRITTEN LANGUAGE. A GLOSSARY AND A BRIEF GRAMMATICAL APPENDIX HAVE…

Discusses the use of the two past tenses in French, specifically in literature and news reporting. (AM)

Analyzes the kinds of simplified Chinese characters currently in unofficial use, collected from personal correspondence and published discussions. (KM)

Proofreading is described as a valuable tool for improving performance in written work. (JD)

Reviews research on the association between children's oral language and their writing which, taken as a whole, raises doubts as to the existence of the very close and highly positive relationship some experts say exist between these two aspects of linguistic expression. More than 50 references are cited. (BR)

A collectivity can be defined by the verbal instrument which binds it together. By extension of this thought of Marshall MacLuhan, the importance of the written language as normative for the uniformity, universality and preservation of the phonetic system of the language is discussed. (Text is in Spanish.) (AMH)

This paper describes how problems of input and display in developing a computer-based book catalog including nonroman scripts for the New York Public Library (NYPL) were solved. An innovative approach to filing nonroman entries in a catalog is presented. (Author/KP)

Open-system words (nouns, verbs, adjectives) can function as exponents of a clause relation and be predictive of the organization of written discourse while closed-system words (a, the, and, because, etc.) cannot. Supporting criteria are presented. (DAG)