Author discusses the implications that criterion-referenced tests have for the teacher and for testing programs in the schools. (Author/CB)

Students learn to understand the environment and discover the world of tiny creatures beneath their feet. (RK)

Authors present a formula for use when restrictions result from complex or unmeasured variables. (Authors/MB)

Relations between standard statistical techniques for analyzing dichotomous data and ANOVA procedures are indicated. The need for usefulness of analyzing transformed data as opposed to direct analysis of dichotomous data are discussed. Required statistical procedures employing transformed data are outlined. (Author/AG)

Describes the use of capture-recapture techniques to estimate the population of taxis in Liverpool and demonstrates the points of similarity to animal population estimation. Considers advantages of studying taxis rather than organisms in introductory studies of the techniques. (AL)

Copies of a source listing of this program can be obtained by writing to author at Ohio University, Athens, Ohio. (MB)

In a study of teacher role, the collection of data from a sample of teachers in the United States, Britain, Australia, and New Zealand is described, and the techniques used to analyze the data are discussed. (DB)

Data from infants unable to complete experimental sessions were compared to those for whom there were complete data. Results suggest that the elimination of large numbers of infants may have a potentially biasing effect on reported data. (Authors)

Much of educational administration research suffers from lack of conformity between data analysis and research design, inattention to the test/retest stability of measurement instruments, and the use of statistics for nominal or interval data with ordinal data, random-sample statistics with nonrandom samples, and unnecessarily complex statistical…

Sternberg (1981) presented correlations based on independent samples of about 25 cases each with a statistical comparison in a population parameter of zero and interpreted his results as if with appropriate tests. He needed to use a nonzero population parameter and compare for the difference between the z transformations. (Author/CM)

Sternberg's reply to paper Humphrey criticizes (see TM 507 045) includes: (1) invited position paper and detailed statistical testing would have been inappropriate; (2) Humphrey commits some of "misdeeds" of which he accuses Sternberg; (3) number of cases in the three nonentrenchment experiments are more than adequate for drawing conclusions; and…

Explored possible response bias in a needs assessment survey for a hospice program. Results showed differences between the 22 caregivers who responded to the survey and the 38 who did not respond. Bias in the study may have eliminated clients with the most difficult experiences. (Author/JAC)

While major test publishers randomly select school districts for their national norming studies, a survey of "accepting" and "declining" districts supports the hypothesis that self-selection bias results in overrepresentation of districts which already use a specific publisher's tests or instructional materials. (Author/BW)

Examined the hypothesis that the higher the divorce rate, the more likely that unhappy couples will terminate their marriages. Shows that when type of sample, dependent measure, and method of analysis are held constant, the increased divorce rate is not an important factor in explaining marital satisfaction. (Author)