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Garcia, Andres; Benjumea, Santiago – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2006
In Experiment 1, 10 pigeons were exposed to a successive symbolic matching-to-sample procedure in which the sample was generated by the pigeons' own behavior. Each trial began with both response keys illuminated white, one being the "correct" key and the other the "incorrect" key. The pigeons had no way of discriminating which key was correct and…
Descriptors: Probability, Animals, Animal Behavior, Behavioral Science Research
Lutzer, Carl V.; Marengo, James E. – College Mathematics Journal, 2006
Consider the series [image omitted] where the value of each a[subscript n] is determined by the flip of a coin: heads on the "n"th toss will mean that a[subscript n] =1 and tails that a[subscript n] = -1. Assuming that the coin is "fair," what is the probability that this "harmonic-like" series converges? After a moment's thought, many people…
Descriptors: Probability, Mathematics Instruction, College Mathematics, Mathematical Concepts
Levine, Douglas W.; Rockhill, Beverly – Teaching Statistics: An International Journal for Teachers, 2006
We focus on the problem of ignoring statistical independence. A binomial experiment is used to determine whether judges could match, based on looks alone, dogs to their owners. The experimental design introduces dependencies such that the probability of a given judge correctly matching a dog and an owner changes from trial to trial. We show how…
Descriptors: Probability, Statistical Analysis, Hypothesis Testing, Mathematical Models
Samuels, M. – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science & Technology, 2006
This note considers functions of two variables which are continuous on a possibly unbounded closed region in [vertical bar]R[squared], and the functions of one variable obtained by integrating out the other variable over this region. The question of continuity of these functions is investigated, as are connections with joint density and marginal…
Descriptors: Probability, Calculus, Mathematical Logic, Validity
Winner, Larry – Journal of Statistics Education, 2006
Stock car racing has seen tremendous growth in popularity in recent years. We introduce two datasets containing results from all Winston Cup races between 1975 and 2003, inclusive. Students can use any number of statistical methods and applications of basic probability on the data to answer a wide range of practical questions. Instructors and…
Descriptors: Motor Vehicles, Competition, Methods Courses, Statistics
Kaplan, Edward H.; Small, Charles A. – Journal of Conflict Resolution, 2006
In the discourse surrounding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, extreme criticisms of Israel (e.g., Israel is an apartheid state, the Israel Defense Forces deliberately target Palestinian civilians), coupled with extreme policy proposals (e.g., boycott of Israeli academics and institutions, divest from companies doing business with Israel), have…
Descriptors: Racial Segregation, Conflict, Criticism, Foreign Countries
Holland, Bart K. – Mathematics and Computer Education, 2006
A generally-educated individual should have some insight into how decisions are made in the very wide range of fields that employ statistical and probabilistic reasoning. Also, students of introductory probability and statistics are often best motivated by specific applications rather than by theory and mathematical development, because most…
Descriptors: Introductory Courses, Statistics, Probability, Nonmajors
Handley, Simon J.; Evans, Jonathan St. B. T.; Thompson, Valerie A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2006
Under the suppositional account of conditionals, when people think about a conditional assertion, "if p then q," they engage in a mental simulation in which they imagine p holds and evaluate the probability that q holds under this supposition. One implication of this account is that belief in a conditional equates to conditional probability…
Descriptors: Simulation, Psychological Testing, Cognitive Processes, Probability
Lee, Y.-F.; Ching, W.-K. – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science & Technology, 2006
This note introduces an interesting random walk on a straight path with cards of random numbers. The method of recurrent relations is used to obtain the convergent probability of the random walk with different initial positions.
Descriptors: Game Theory, Probability, Mathematical Concepts, Statistics
Fan, Xitao; Wang, Lin – 1998
The Monte Carlo study compared the performance of predictive discriminant analysis (PDA) and that of logistic regression (LR) for the two-group classification problem. Prior probabilities were used for classification, but the cost of misclassification was assumed to be equal. The study used a fully crossed three-factor experimental design (with…
Descriptors: Classification, Comparative Analysis, Monte Carlo Methods, Probability

Hofmann, Richard J. – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1975
A new item analysis index, e, is derived as a function of difficulty and discrimination to represent item efficiency. (Author/RC)
Descriptors: Item Analysis, Probability, Response Style (Tests), Statistical Analysis

Zinnes, Joseph L.; Griggs, Richard A. – Psychometrika, 1974
Probabilistic assumptions are added to single and multidimensional versions of the Coombs unfolding model for preferential choice (Coombs, 1950) and practical ways of obtaining maximum likelihood estimates of the scale parameters and goodness-of-fit tests of the model are presented. A Monte Carlo experiment is discussed. (Author/RC)
Descriptors: Goodness of Fit, Multidimensional Scaling, Probability, Statistical Analysis
Lad, F. R.; And Others – 1987
B. De Finetti's "Fundamental Theorem of Probability" is reformulated as a computable linear programming problem. The theorem is substantially extended, and shown to have fundamental implications for the theory and practice of statistics. It supports an operational meaning for the partial assertion of prevision via asserted bounds. The…
Descriptors: Linear Programing, Mathematical Models, Probability, Statistical Analysis

Henschke, Claudia I.; And Others – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1974
The technique presented accomodates multiple populations and a mixture of variable types. It is based on the linear discriminant function and the sequential concept. Also presented is an example in which the technique is used to obtain the classification rule to predict the career choices of individuals based upon a mixture of variable types.…
Descriptors: Classification, Measurement Techniques, Predictor Variables, Probability

Heine, M. H. – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1974
Swets' theory of information retrieval allows the threads of document weighting formulae, probabilistic measures of effectiveness, and management theory, to be woven into a coherent pattern. Benefits are: the beginnings of a quantitative description of retrieval languages; destinction between retrieval systems and language; and question generality…
Descriptors: Documentation, Information Retrieval, Mathematical Models, Probability