Paper examines the principal benefits and costs of basic education with special emphasis on economic benefits; reviews some of the major methodological problems associated with the measurement of these benefits and costs; and seeks to establish the best possible research design, given these problems. (Author)

Reports the presence of a facilitating effect of exposure to a pretest on the Watson-Glaser score and a posttest following grade 12 biology instruction. (AL)

Article raises and answers questions about the relationship among constructs of creativity manifested by counselor trainees. The Porter Test of Counselor Attitudes, Consequences test and Alternate Uses test were administered to 27 graduate students in counselor education. Creativity was shown to have influence on the counselor's approach. Data…

Analyzed are some common features of three studies on manual communication which cause the author to doubt whether manual communication does best prepare hearing impaired children for the hearing world, as the studies would imply. (KW)

Reviewed are: Research in Education by John W. Best, and Research Methods and Design for Education by J. H. McGrath, both written for graduate level courses. (DB)

Level of cognitive development was not significantly related to humor appreciation for either novelty or incongruity humor in 30 boys at each of three age levels: 5, 7, and 9. (WY)

Investigates the development of gerontological knowledge and its translation to practice. Discusses design, relevance, and dissemination of theory, and offers suggestions to practitioners for implementing research theories. Encourages both researchers and practitioners to make attitudinal changes to eliminate communication barriers. (University of…

Presents arguments concerning the effectiveness of attributional counseling in light of possible deterioration effects. Discusses when attributional interpretations should be used, the amount of change such interpretations provided in research participants, and lack of a control condition in previous research design. (WAS)

Discusses the use of hypothesis testing research and hypothesis generating research designs. Researchers investigating teacher development should continue to use hypothesis generating research designs to depict, relate, and conceptualize information in this area. Hypothesis testing research designs could check the accuracy of these initial…

What is meant by "normal science" is described, the first three steps in the "route to normal science" are outlined, and an example is given in which the trend toward research consensus is apparent. This involves current work on learning addition and subtraction. (MNS)