Critiques William Becker, William Greene, and Sherwin Rosen's review of the research regarding the teaching and learning of high school economics. Calls for sharper definitions of research models to improve focus. Explains a distinction between stock and flow models, and asks for elaboration on topics covered. Suggests examining textbook…

Findings from a longitudinal study which examined the stability of reading attitude from early childhood to the middle-adult years suggest that reading attitude is a stable construct over time, although early childhood measures of reading attitude are poor predictors of adult attitude. Young adult measures are the best predictors. (IAH)

A sample of 500 Black American males was studied to determine if there was a causal relationship between underemployment and/or underpayment and psychosocial stress. No significant relationships were found. (JS)

In order to explore factors that influence gender differences in same-sex friendship behaviors, the present study examined how affiliation motive, as measured by thematic apperception to same-sex cues, and affiliation value, obtained from modified Edwards (1957) Personal Preference Scale, determine type of friendship situation and its particular…

Examines the relationship between the rated sex, aggression, and sexism values of cartoons and their perceived funniness. Results, interpreted by Zillmann's social predisposition theory, indicated response differentiation by sex. (MW)

Critiques Klingele and Warrick's (1990) use of stepswise regression to understand the effect of independent variables on measures of student achievement, and challenges the assertion in Penny and Bond's (1991) reply that ethnicity should not be included in models of achievement. (SM)

Examines organizational commitment in unionized and nonunionized research libraries based on a survey of 400 professional employees at 26 libraries. Organizational commitment was studied in relation to union presence, union membership status, and union commitment. (Contains 22 references.) (KRN)

Describes a study that examined quantifiable characteristics of library schools to construct a model that predicts a judgment of perceived quality of library schools. Two perception studies conducted by Herbert White are discussed, statistical methods used are explained, and recommendations for further research are given. (34 references) (LRW)

Discussion of study factors and study skills focuses on the development of a study skills survey and four related research studies at Navy training schools, two that addressed reliability and two that were concerned with validity. Results are reported that indicate study factors correlated significantly with test performance. (28 references) (LRW)

Describes a study that identified factors influencing the number of citations received by articles published in the field of chemical engineering, based on a set of 226 papers by 18 internationally recognized scientists and citations to those papers. Factors identified include how prolific the author is and the number of references. (Contains 37…

Investigates the role of academic self-esteem and academic performance in 208 U. S. college students' perceptions of the validity of their grades. Data collected through a questionnaire. Finds that regardless of self-esteem, the students with higher GPAs saw grades as more valid. This finding is in accordance with weak forms of self-enhancement…

Discusses the ongoing debate in the field of language assessment concerning the relative strengths of analytic versus holistic composition rating scales. Uses multiple regression analysis and exploratory factor analysis to evaluate both methods, and finds that because different rating scales measure different constructs, they cause the meaning of…

Provides an in-class activity that enables students in research methods to learn about survey design and multiple regression. Explains that the students developed questionnaires in order to generate five items, as set in a multiple regression equation, that would best predict a particular outcome. Discusses benefits and drawbacks. (CMK)

Examines the role of perceived adequacy of social support provided by spouses for marital and individual functioning. Perceived support adequacy was correlated in the expected direction with marital quality, depressive symptomatology, and perceived stress. Hierarchical multiple regressions indicated perceived support adequacy accounts for…

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetically determined neurodevelopmental disorder that is associated with the under-expression of maternally imprinted genes at the 15q11-q13 chromosomal locus. In addition to a characteristic physical and behavioural phenotype, those with the syndrome have impaired social cognition, literal mindedness and…