The process of educational expansion and the demographic process of generational replacement would have ongoing liberalization effects and therefore lead to a growth of ethnic tolerance. This was the prediction of Hyman and Sheatsley stated in 1956. Nearly half a century later there is little empirical evidence for a rising support of the…

Using a longitudinal, large-scale sample of British twins, we addressed the prediction of both cognitive abilities and behavioral adjustment from eight domains of environmental risk: minority status, socio-economic status, maternal medical factors, twin medical factors, maternal depression, chaos within the home environment, and parental feelings…

Previous studies have shown that phonological awareness correlates with children's reading aloud and also adults' literacy experience. More recent research has further suggested that phonological awareness is associated with the processing of spoken language, which is a correlate of reading comprehension. In this paper, I argue that phonological…

The potential role of social support for the adolescent offspring of psychiatric patients has hitherto not been examined. We examined whether the adolescent's level of psychiatric symptoms is dependent on the content and the function of social support (whether direct or moderating), controlling for perceived stress. In a cross-sectional design, 40…

The main objective of this study was to show whether eighth graders' performance on standardized mathematics tests could be predicted from a variety of variables. These predictors included the students' race/ethnicity, gender, attitudes toward mathematics, students' time spent on homework, whether parents helped with homework assignments,…

One framework for conceptualizing the study of classroom effects on student motivation asserts that students' perceptions of the classroom environment mediate the relationship between teacher practices and student performance outcomes. This study examined within- and between-classroom effects on 356 fifth-grade students' perceptions of the quality…

Findings of a paper that compared three analytic models for classifying public schools are presented in this paper. The first model is the traditional additive multiple linear regression model that assumes the use of a compensatory policy in assigning weights to school attributes. The second is an adaptation of Coomb's (1964) conjunctive model…

Educational research on the factors of student achievement has been limited by its failure to consider the multilevel or hierarchical nature of most data. This study used a nonexperimental regression-based procedure, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), to empirically develop a predictive model of fifth-grade achievement in reading and mathematics…

A study was conducted using the parity-equity model to investigate variances in faculty salaries at North Dakota State School for Science. The parity-equity model specifies three constructs as determinants of faculty salaries: (1) rational equity factors, including years of professional experience, rank, degree, graduate faculty status, tenure…

The study investigates attitudes held by vocational teachers concerning the value and prestige of vocational preparation as compared to academic preparation. A 30-statement attitude scale, administeered to a random sample of 150 teachers, suggested strongly that vocational teachers are biased against their own fields in favor of college…

The interactions of three factors that may be involved with the memory for pattern or sequence in visual materials were investigated in this study: (1) arbitrariness of representation; (2) task; and (3) ability of students. The subjects, who were 29 graduate students in education, were pretested for general ability and randomly assigned to four…

This study investigates the long-term effects of a school environment with characteristics that indicate invitational education is being realized at the institutional level on students from the University of Hawaii Laboratory High School (ULS). Students of many races, ethnic groups, and socioeconomic levels study together in a program where all…

Previous studies indicate increasing, significant univariate and multivariate correlation between reaction time (RT) tasks and intelligence. Using multiple regression analyses, data from an earlier study by Brown and Boretz were reanalyzed to further investigate the relationship between the speed at which an individual is able to process stimuli…

To test the spiral of silence model (which asserts that an individual's expression of his or her opinion is a function of his or her perception of majority opinion), a study examined opinions regarding Radio Marti--the Voice of America's special broadcast service to Cuba--in Dade County, Florida. A random sample of 407 respondents (42% Cuban, the…

Sixty-nine Israeli school principals completed questionnaires designed to reveal the factors contributing to the leadership styles they used when initiating curricular changes. The principals fell into three leadership categories: "Initiators," who seek change in accordance with long range policies and goals; "Responders," who…