Although cognitive offloading, or the use of physical action to reduce internal cognitive demands, is a commonly used strategy in everyday life, relatively little is known about the conditions that encourage offloading and the memorial consequences of different offloading strategies for performance. Much of the extant work in this domain has…

Pharmacy students tend to use Wikipedia as a quick resource of knowledge. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of content and readability level of Wikipedia articles on chemotherapeutics, using quality and readability tools. Using the British National Formulary (BNF-2018) and ClinicalTrials.gov, we identified 188 chemotherapeutic drugs. We…

Background: Aggressive incidents are common in people with intellectual disabilities. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether supplementation of multivitamins, minerals, and omega-3 fatty acids (FA) reduces aggressive incidents. Methods: We conducted a randomised, triple blind, placebo controlled, single crossover intervention trial. People with…

Robust clinical evidence has not been available for melatonin, a drug commonly administered for treating sleep problems of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In a phase 3 randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, we administered 1-mg melatonin (n = 65), 4-mg melatonin (n = 65), or placebo (n = 66) to 196 children with ASD once…

Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the role of health locus of control (HLOC; internal, chance, powerful others) in antibiotic resistance perceptions and antibiotic use behaviors among college students. Participants: Participants were 366 students recruited from the introductory psychology pool at a university in the…

In recent years, exposures to organophosphate pesticide have been highlighted as a possible cause or aggravating factor of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study examined if Wistar rats prenatally exposed to chlorpyrifos (CPF) at a dose of 1 mg/kg in GD 12.5-15.5 could express similar behaviors to those exposed to valproic acid (VPA,…

This paper provides evidence on the effect of local prescription opioid use on academic achievement of 3rd-8th graders between 2009 and 2018. Using county fixed effects models, I find that when counties have higher levels of prescription opioid use, students score lower on standardized assessments two to three years later, with variation by…

We present the secondary-analysis of neurocognitive tests in the "Bumetanide in Autism Medication and Biomarker" (BAMBI;EUDRA-CT-2014-001560-35) study, a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled (1:1) trial testing 3-months bumetanide treatment ([less than or equal to] 1 mg twice-daily) in unmedicated children 7-15 years with ASD.…

Background: Pain recognition and assessment in individuals with profound intellectual disabilities are challenging. Exploring effective methods of addressing this is essential. This study aims to discover current nursing practice in this area of care as the first of a four-phased appreciative inquiry study, to inform further research and practice.…

Objective: We appraised whether FDA registration trials for ADHD pharmacotherapy in adults provides comparable information to inform treatment expectations. Method: Comparison of ADHD outcome measure patterns in ADHD pharmacotherapy FDA drug label source studies. Results: Among stimulants, from fixed-dose titration data, amphetamine agents had…

Population-adjusted indirect comparisons, developed in the 2010s, enable comparisons between two treatments in different studies by balancing patient characteristics in the case where individual patient-level data (IPD) are available for only one study. Health technology assessment (HTA) bodies increasingly rely on these methods to inform funding…

Staff in 24/7 group housing services for adults with intellectual disability are responsible for ensuring safe medication management processes and supporting the residents in their health-related issues. Ten interviewed nurses reported several challenges in the medication management process emerging at the staff level, the level of the group home,…

This study examines how intellectual disability nurses employed in residential living services for persons with intellectual disabilities, in Norway, deal with medication management for these individuals. Using a qualitative study, a total of 18 intellectual disability nurses were interviewed as part of four focus groups. The results demonstrate…

Background: College campus police departments are providing law enforcement officers the authority to administer naloxone, the antidote to opioid overdose. This study explored the competence, concerns, and readiness among college campus-based law enforcement officers in Northern California to administer naloxone in case of an opioid overdose on…

Common over-the-counter medicines can be an exciting entry point for introducing students to the interesting chemistries that they encounter in their daily lives. In this inquiry-based activity, students are tasked with using a list of given supplies and information about four medications (Aspirin, Tums, Pepto-Bismol, and Tylenol) to design three…