Investigated were the effects of test anxiety, success-fail experiences, and social reinforcement on the aspiration level of third and fourth grade subjects (Ss) in a suburban school system. Data were sought on whether high test anxiety (HTA) children would have lower aspiration levels than low test anxiety (LTA) children. Also studied were the…

This report describes and evaluates the Advanced Educational Research Institute held from June 20 through August 12, 1966. The primary objective of the institute was the further development and extension of the research competencies of the trainees. The 23 participants were primarily faculty members in institutions of higher education across the…

This booklet contains the seven papers presented at the symposium: (1) "Early Schooling: What Is It All About?" by Marshall P. Smith, Trenton State College, who approaches the subject as "one of the preeminent tools for human survival"; (2) "The Family and Community: What Are Their Roles in the Educational Process?" by Melvin Tumin, Princeton…

The research on intercultural communication design illustrates that definitions of propaganda and agitation can be altered if there is a change from an open to a closed culture, or vice versa. Russia and East Germany serve as examples of closed cultures, and the United States is employed on a comparative basis as an open culture. To enhance open…

This paper was presented at a symposium concerned with the results of research on teacher effectiveness and the procedures which might be used to review such research. The first part of the paper describes Rosenshine's research review procedure and analyzes the logic used to group research reports. Three possible standards which might be…

This paper contends that human organisms are not qualitatively different from infra-human ones. The same principles apply to the acquisition, maintenance and weakening of complex verbal skills as mathematics as to rats pressing bars or pigeons pecking windows. Two aspects of child research are assessment and training. Assessment involves…

This paper proposes that a study be done in the area of diffusion of innovations using a recently developed communication methodological tool, metric multidimensional scaling (MDS). An argument is made for using MDS to measure cultural concepts which are shared by members of a society. A definition of homophily-heterophily is presented as the…

This paper focuses on the environmental influences of change in the communication structure of organizations and argues that structural changes in communication networks are increasingly externally induced. The unit of analysis selected for discussion in this paper is the individual organization. A communication network among organizations is…

This paper contains a discussion of the limitations of research on group processes in complex organizations and the manner in which a procedure for network analysis in on-going systems can reduce problems. The research literature on group uniformity processes and on theoretical models of these processes from an information processing perspective…

This paper is a preliminary attempt to specify what "interpersonal confirmation" is by classifying and categorizing its observable phenomena as they occur in human interaction. It considers the problems in defining operationally this highly significant, but nebulous, aspect of communication and reviews the literature which alludes to…

Minority groups seeking self-determination have a need for and a right to participate in and contribute to a growing body knowledge of human development and human relationships generated by social science research that is not only scientific, hence "unbiased," but which does not perpetuate damaging stereotypes. It is the purpose of this paper to…

Reconstructing media research so that generalizable knowledge can be produced requires an increased emphasis on attributes of media which interact with individual differences to effect learning. In order to accomplish this, media researchers must make a distinction between research "with" media and research "on" media. Privious efforts to…

The purpose of this module is to provide the researcher and the consumers of such research with a recognition of the assumptions and appropriate use and interpretation of each of 10 multiple comparison (MC) statistical techniques. In this self-contained and self-instructional module, the user is sensitized to the serious consequences of…

The report describes the initial design and the preliminary background exploration, subsequent development, and feasibility testing of methods for conducting a continuing National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS). Selected feasibility study findings are presented to illustrate collected data and suggest kinds of information that may be…

Because of a lack of systematic structuring, much of the research pertaining to the variables influencing the reader's use of context as an aid to determining the meaning of textual units is limited in its applicability. Some of the major variables that have been found to influence the reader's use of context are constraints of textual segment,…