This report is the executive summary of a study examining the benefits of Head Start to children entering elementary school, assessing Head Start benefits to their parents, and describing the characteristics and services of the Head Start program. The data presented in this report were collected from a sample of Head Start graudates located in 32…

Four groups of people were requested to review the Rand Corporation's design for a longitudinal study of school desegregation. These groups can be labeled as Desegregation and Minority Student Education Experts, Distinguished Social Scientists, Federal Officals Responsible for Desegregation Research, and U.S. Commission on Civil Rights (USCCR)…

Four groups of people were requested to review the Rand Corporation's design for a longitudinal study of school desegregation. When the study design documents were sent to the reviewers, an evaluation questionnaire was attached. The reviewers were asked to add any needed clarifying comments in the spaces provided after each question, and to write…

In May of 1973 the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights issued a request for proposals for the design of a longitudinal national study of the impact of school desegregation. A selection committee unanimously agreed that the proposal from the Rand Corporation was superior to the others, and in June 1973 a contract was signed with that organization. The…

A study was conducted to compare teaching and control patterns used by mothers of 4- to 6-year-old trainable mentally retarded (TMR) children to patterns used by mothers of nonretarded children, and to evaluate an analysis strategy identifying sequential behavior chains from observational data. Literature was explored on three topics: cognitive…

The problems and issues involved in the conduct of educational-developmental research are examined within the perspective of longitudinal research methodology. Chapters 2 and 3 examine contemporary research designs and procedures implemented for the selection of subjects and testing of behavior over time. Particular attention is given to the…

When repeated measures are obtained on the same subjects, interobservation dependencies frequently are generated. The major ways in which these dependencies can arise are illustrated and it is shown how these dependencies may invalidate the use of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and its extension, trend analysis, as methods of evaluating the data of…

This speech presents the use of experimental designs and research procedures to help counselors develop effective treatment methods for clients. Baseline and treatment phases are delineated as the two basic phases occuring in most "N=1" designs. These designs are divided into the categories of single and multiple time series designs. The…

Thoughtful use of past research experience to guide future study and action was the basis for a conference at Reston, Virginia in November 1975 to propose priorities for new research on television and children. The conference had two objectives: (1) to assemble as broad a range of people as possible to think through the many directions future…

The Evaluation of the Emergency School Assistance Program (ESAP) for the 1971-72 school year is the first application of full-blown experimental design with randomized experimental and control cases in a federal evaluation of a large scale program. It is also one of the very few evaluations which has shown that federal programs can raise tested…

This first major national examination of the numbers, roles, and characteristics of women on school boards found that 1) women, comprising scarcely 12% of school board positions, are grossly underrepresented in school service; 2) the talents and abilities of female school board members are comparable to, and sometimes superior to, those of male…

"Other Nations, Other Peoples", a research project of the U. S. Office of Education, studied the degree of ethnocentrism present in elementary and secondary public school students. The research design was three-way, calling for stratified samples according to county, school and students. The purpose of the study was to determine how ethnocentrism…

A study was made to determine whether different methods of visual presentations would affect the retention rate of individuals with two distinct types of perception--visual and haptic. The visual type, according to a study by Viktor Lowenfeld in 1957, is marked by the following characteristics: (1) ability to see wholes, break them into visual…

This review of current attitudes and procedures in the study of philology in graduate schools reveals problems contributing to a weakening of programs in classics and medieval studies. Departmental rivalry and compartmentalization of subject matter among philology, history, and social studies are severely criticized and serve as the stimulus for…

The work completed to date on the development and validation of a procedure for assessing the micro-environments of preschool children is summarized. It was speculated that the lack of evidence that compensatory programs facilitate developmental changes in children might be due to actual lack of influence by the programs, to the subtlety of the…