Findings that six-year-old children perform substantially better in a conservation of number task if they are asked one question instead of two were upheld when mass and volume materials were used and the age range of subjects was extended to include five- through eight-year-old children. (RH)

Compared self-perception and school performance variables in three groups of secondary school students: (1) remedial students; (2) failures; and (3) successful students (controls). Suggested that school failure was related to emotional difficulties, while the remedial group had more straight forward academic deficits. (JAC)

This theoretical analysis articulates verbal rule properties and use implications, describes an empirical study examining characteristics of problem solving performance when verbal rules are instructed as a problem solving method, and discusses role of verbal rules in problem solving and implications for learning procedural skills. (MBR)

Reviews the demographics related to drivers and pedestrians 55 years and over, identifying and addressing their special traffic problems and needs. Implications of alcohol and other drug use and physical, cognitive, psychological, and environmental factors that influence learning and performance are addressed as they relate to traffic safety…

Examined personality (persistence, future orientation, and the tendency toward reckless/rash behavior) and cognitive factors related to success or failure in college science courses. One finding noted is that both men and women were more apt to attribute their success to effort/ability, and their failure to the difficulty of a task. (JN)

Cites research showing individual reactions to bright and dim light in the classroom. Shows individual susceptibility to extreme negativism in inappropriate lighting conditions and suggests that students' predispositions for illumination be identified. Notes that restless, fidgety youngsters should be placed into softly lit sections, with the…

Assesses the effect of same and different recognition experience intervening between acquisition and retrieval on cued recall for episodic information. Second and fourth graders and college adults were shown cue-target word pairs at acquisition and the cues alone at retrieval. In general, results showed that same experience facilitated memory for…

To determine differences in assessment, preservice teachers and school administrators were asked to evaluate a teacher's lesson plans and videotaped teaching session. Findings indicated rating differences for teacher communication and organization, feedback, content selection, and student evaluation and rating similarities for teacher ability to…

A total of 160 second-grade children were assigned on the basis of a free-recall pretest to four instructional conditions and were given a series of lists of pictures for free recall. Results focused on different levels of recall displayed by experimental and control groups. (Author/CI)

Describes a study of the role of confidence in the performance of English as a second language learners on a listening test. Some analytic procedures from the Theory of Signal Detection were applied. Results show the possibility of substantial differences in individual performance in terms of self-monitoring ability and confidence. (Author/SED)

Identified factors associated with college students' interest in science and mathematics and if these factors differed for men and women or for Blacks and Whites. Results are based on a 78-item questionnaire completed by 2,046 junior/senior students who participated voluntarily in the study. (JN)

Graduates of the Medical College of Pennsylvania were studied to determine the impact of three types of preclinical training on prelicensure clinical performance. Academic performances differed as measured by scores on the examinations of the National Board of Medical Examiners. (Author/MLW)

Compares a personalized system of instruction (PSI) to the lecture method and linear self-paced instruction (LSPI) of teaching stoichiometry to undergraduate students. Discusses the methods used to assess student achievement which includes: the use of common midterms and final examinations; and modules, mini-courses and mini-course final exams.…

Results of performance evaluation of vendor supplying library materials to Knox College Library indicate that, despite vendor's claims for comprehensiveness of stock, only 40-50 percent of orders could be filled from stock, and performance with regard to both subjects and publishers varied as much as 50 percent. Nine references are cited. (EJS)

Proposes five measurable indicators to assess effectiveness of young adult library services program: proportion of eligible young adults served; success rate in using library; appropriateness of collection; proportion of young adults participating in library programs; and proportion of cross-age programs held involving adolescents. Twenty-seven…