Development of an evaluation instrument for the church sponsored Community Change Training Institute (CCTI) resulted in a pre-post test instrument involving measures of meaning, vocabulary, involvement in community action, and personality. Fisher's technique computed the pre-post scores of 108 persons in CCTI groups in Missouri, Ohio, and Hawaii.…

The problem of measuring meaning viewed strictly as a psychological conception via the application of semantic differential theory is presented in this study. The first half of the book discusses theoretical background, logic of semantic measurement, basic factor analysis research, and a critical scientific evaluation of measuring procedures. The…

The distinction between artifact and tool is introduced into the study of language diversity and the posting of linguistic universals. A complicating factor in all language investigations is the use of language as the chief tool to create new language. Analogy and metaphor are considered as two major creative forces at work in all languages.…

"How does a child come to be able to relate his own experience to the formal means of communicating about that experience in the language to which he is exposed?" The author maintains that the innate predispositions that underlie the development of the cognitive ability to organize and structure experience also underlie the acquisition of the…

The system described in this report is designed for use as a computational tool that allows a linguist to develop and study methods for generating surface strings from an underlying semantic structure. Initial findings with regard to form-determiners (such as voice, form, tense, and mood), some rules for embedding sentences, and some attention to…

This paper outlines the development of techniques for computer-based personality assessment from sentence completions. The One-Word Sentence Completion (OWSC) instrument was designed to elicit data suitable for machine processing, while retaining most of the advantages of a free-response format. Two operative scoring systems are described. The…

This document contains the reports summarizing the main discussion held during the March 1972 Computational Linguistics Conference. The first report, "Computational Linguistics and Linguistics," helps to establish definitions and an understanding of the scope of computational linguistics. "Integrated Computer Systems for Language" and…

This book presents a three-part discussion of the causes and prevention of errors in foreign language learning with particular reference to English as a second language. The first part provides a survey of error analysis, defining what is meant by the term "error" and establishing a model of error production. Other terms explained in this section…

This paper presents a technique for teaching reading to foreign language students based on the importance of structural meaning in reading processes. Students are expected to learn particular language patterns for recognition only and are not expected to produce them. Such a procedure acknowledges certain differences between written and spoken…

This volume contains the papers presented at a workshop which brought together authorities from several different disciplines, each working in the area of natural language analysis, to participate in intensive, technical discussions of the issues involved in developing adequate grammars and semantics of natural languages. The disciplines…

These materials constitute an exploratory program for grade 6 Spanish and French. Introductory units contain sample lessons, suggested activities, and test items. These units are entitled: (1) Language in Indiana; (2) How Languages Operate; (3) Detecting Meaning: Aztec Dialect; (4) How Words Came to Be and Mean What They Do; (5) Language Is Sound;…

Papers on lexicographic research in Quebec (Canada) include: "Indications semantiques dans les dictionnaires bilingues" ("Semantic Indications in Bilingual Dictionaries) (Johanne Blais, Roda P. Roberts); "Definitions predictionnairiques de 'maison, batiment, et pavillon'" ("Pre-dictionary definitions of 'house,…

This guide provides an overview of the salient features of the Japanese language from the perspective of the beginning-level English-speaking learner. Chapters address these topics: the Japanese language and its historic and cultural setting; phonology (sounds and syllables, word accentuation; loanwords; connected speech); writing (scripts,…

Papers from the conference include: "English and Human Morphology: 'Naturalness' in Counting and Measuring" (Sullivan); "Phonetic and Phonemic Change Revisited" (Lockwood); "Virtual Reality" (Langacker); "Path Directions in ASL Agreement Verbs are Predictable on Semantic Grounds" (Taub); "Temporal…

This paper investigates the potential relationship of Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) to gesture and second language learning. It is asserted that the ZPD is both a tool and a result, not a tool for result; it is both product and process at the same time. The process of learning a new language/culture in the case of a person who is…