This report provides an overview of vocational education and training systems in major European countries that is useful to practitioners and planners in further education. The first part provides brief descriptions of the vocational education and training systems in four countries: France, Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands. By way of…

Part of a six volume series of theme papers commissioned for the National Congress on Catholic schools for the 21st century, November 6-10, 1991, this document contains two of the theme papers. In "The Challenge: To Provide Leadership within Catholic Schools" Karen Ristau examines how leadership is affected by socio-political factors in…

This monograph offers insight into the development of the conceptual basis, scholarly inquiry, and professional practice of adult education in West Germany from the end of World War II to the German reunification. Introductory materials are an "Introduction" (Wilhelm Mader) and "Translator's Note and Acknowledgements" (Martin…

In Australia, the two principal streams of emancipatory adult education have been focused on the liberal tradition of freedom from traditional social and religious constraints through learning and on having suppressed groups understand and overthrow the conditions of their oppression. Australians appear to be having difficulty coping with the…

The use of the team process in school improvement plans may play a role in how effective the group is in achieving its goals and objectives. Representative efforts and perceptions of the use of teams in local educational agencies were surveyed in multiple measurements, such as interviews, self-assessments, self-perceptions, and observations. The…

This report presents information for school years 1988-89 and 1989-90 on progress under and compliance with the Texas Master Plan for Vocational and Technical Education. It also reports on quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the state's vocational programs. Section I provides information on elementary and secondary education. It sets forth…

This paper introduces the Pause Model, an innovative means of integrating self-directed learning and continuing professional education. Since the method was developed for professionals such as counselors, educators, and managers who practice in social settings, the paper begins with an explanation of a few of the unique attributes of professional…

The further education of adults in Germany has its roots in the 19th century. In a unified Germany, further education and training enjoy a key position in the establishment of free market economy structures. Further education enjoys equal status with all other educational sectors. It is distinguished by the plurality of organizing bodies and…

The purpose of this study was to collect data concerning various aspects of the vocational teacher education programs in the 22 University Council for Vocational Education member institutions. This study was third in a series sponsored by the council to develop a database so that the current status and trends in these programs could be determined.…

Prior to a UNESCO International Congress on the planning and management of educational development, a survey on educational planning and management in the world was undertaken. The survey questionnaire was sent to all members states of UNESCO, and, at the time of the conference, 50 countries had replied. This document provides a descriptive…

Development has traditionally been seen as part of a one-way street running from the researcher to the practitioner. Studies of the "mutual adaptation" of development products undercut this view of development and suggest that it should be seen as a two-way street that takes into account the practical knowledge of teachers and administrators. A…

This paper investigates patterns of distribution of formal secondary education among different social groups in the Ivory Coast. It reviews educational growth in less developed countries (LDC's) and the questions of unequal distribution of education (many LDC's have not reached universal primary enrollment). Reviewing research on educational…

The South African Schools Act No. 84 of 1996 requires that school governing bodies develop school mission statements and, by implication, school development plans. The Gauteng Regulations and Rules for Public School Governing Bodies specifically direct school governing bodies to draw up and amend school development plans. Whilst training in…

The historical development of teacher education in New Zealand manifests several major contradictions and tensions. One if these involves two conflicting models of teacher education that have historically struggled for dominance. The first model holds teaching to be an essentially practical craft involving classroom management, whilst the second…

The digest is based on a full length report (with the same title) on postsecondary developmental programs. The full report provides a definitive review of the literature and institutional practice on the topic. Postsecondary developmental programs at institutions of higher education encompass a variety of courses and services that are conducted to…