Though cognitive science has given psychology a new, more detailed and specific way of expressing models of cognition, correspondingly detailed and precise arguments analyzing and supporting those models have not been forthcoming. Consequently, the new models often fail to meet the traditional criteria of scientific theories. Tools are available…

In applied and experimental research, it has been demonstrated that the extreme groups procedure is more powerful than the standard correlational approach for some values of the correlation and extreme group size. Methods are provided for using the covariance information that is usually discarded in the classical extreme groups approach.…

A study examined the evaluation methods used in 58 top public relation projects, specifically the Silver Anvil winners of 1984 and 1985, to discover how well public relations practitioners are measuring and reporting success. Results indicated that measures of communication effect were most likely to be employed by Silver Anvil winners, measures…

THIS PAPER REVIEWS VARIABLES AND TRENDS IN RESEARCH ON PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION IN MATHEMATICS. IT WAS PRESENTED AT THE AAAS SYMPOSIUM ON LEARNING RESEARCH PERTINENT TO EDUCATIONAL IMPROVEMENT, CLEVELAND, OHIO, DEC. 29, 1963. (LH)

A NATURAL INQUIRY SITUATION WAS CONSTRUCTED WHICH INCLUDED A RANGE OF POTENTIALLY PROBLEMATIC SITUATIONS WHICH COULD BE REACTED TO BY THE SUBJECTS, A ROLE PLAYING SET TO ENGAGE THE SUBJECTS' EMOTIONAL INVESTMENT, AND INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL INFORMATION SOURCES WHICH THE TEACHERS COULD MANIPULATE IN THEIR INQUIRIES. THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY WERE…

THE RESOURCES AND ACTIVITIES OF A STUDY COUNCIL ON THE PROBLEM OF MORE EFFECTIVE DISSEMINATION OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH FINDINGS WERE REPORTED. THE CAPITAL AREA SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION IN ALBANY, NEW YORK, SURVEYED SCHOOL SYSTEMS TO DETERMINE THEIR MAJOR PROBLEMS AND INTERESTS FOR STUDY AND RESEARCH. MEETINGS WERE HELD TO PLAN PROCEDURES FOR…

AN EVALUATION OF ADULT EDUCATION RESEARCH ON SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS CONDUCTED AT CERTAIN INSTITUTIONS WAS REPORTED. IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS WERE CONDUCTED FOR OCCUPATIONAL, LIBERAL, RELATIONAL, AND LITERACY EDUCATION FUNCTIONS. RESEARCH PROCEDURES WERE (1) TO IDENTIFY, SELECT, AND OBTAIN RESEARCH STUDIES, (2) TO MAKE CRITICAL ANALYSES AND…

The use of overdue notices or threat of encumbrance (the withholding of students' grades until library books are returned) is a common practice in academic libraries. Yet the effectiveness of such policies has seldom been investigated. This study examined a circulation overdue policy, comparing selected variations in that policy. Three levels of…

This paper isolates some of the strengths and weaknesses of leadership research by evaluating it from both a theoretical and methodological perspective. The seven theories or approaches examined are: great man, trait, situational, style, functional, social influence, and interaction positions. General theoretical, conceptual, and measurement…

Some of the issues that affect the validity and reliability of research studies are discussed to aid readers in interpreting and evaluating research studies in shorthand. (MP)

The comparability of experimental and comparison groups, problems in sampling and matching, existence of uncontrolled differences and their statistical treatment, and problems of client mobility and experimental control are discussed and illustrated by examples from an evaluation project. (Author)

Two alternatives to the classical ANOVA procedure are presented to illustrate ways in which researchers may avoid the necessity of having to test the validity of assumptions and to perform data transformations. An illustrative application of these procedures is made to base running in baseball. (MJB)

In this study of a self-paced, college-level, calculus course the effects of individualized instruction on achievement and attitudes toward the course were highest with the most highly motivated students. (MJB)

Study examines the Slaby and Frey (1975) gender-constancy interview, which has been widely used in tests of the cognitive-developmental account. Sixty children, aged between 42 and 54 months, were given the interview either in the traditional order or in a reversed order. Order effects were found. Methodological issues are discussed. (Author/BN)

What has happened to the teaching of the beginning course in economics over the past century is discussed. The relative effectiveness of various teaching methods is examined. (Author/RM)