This study examined possible relationships between the analytic/global dimension of cognitive style, as defined by Davis and Klausmeier (1970) and measured by the Children's Embedded Figures Test (CEFT), and two modes of instruction varying in the level of guidance provided the learner. Sixty Anglo subjects (eight and nine years old), identified…

Selective attention was assessed in second, fourth, and sixth grade reflective and impulsive children with an incidental learning task using pictures (animal-household object pairs) or shapes (colored forms) as stimuli. By the sixth grade, reflective children displayed less incidental learning and greater central learning than impulsive children…

This study investigated the extent to which certain aspects of the structure of a learner's memory following instruction corresponded with the structure of the instructional material. Content structure was represented using digraph theory. The digraph analysis revealed a formal structure built substantially on six specific concepts. Cognitive…

This study involved an investigation related to student ability to carry out inquiry tasks, and to investigate the effectiveness of a technique of set induction through rule learning. Biology students from 13 high school classes were randomly selected and assigned to an experimental group, A, or to one of three control groups, B, C, or D. The…

The individually guided education (IGE) program developed by the Kettering Foundation was implemented in September of 1973 at the John F. Kennedy Memorial Junior High School in Woburn, Massachusetts. The components of the program described in this speech include pupil and teacher scheduling, physical layout, pupil selection and adjustment,…

Examined were the effects of verbal labels alone and in combination with two types of instruction on the concept attainment of 80 educable mentally retarded and 80 normal boys of school age matched for mental age. For learning the concept "equilateral triangle" Ss were randomly assigned to one of four experimental treatment conditions: verbal…

To the question of whether Chomsky's hypothesized Language Acquisition Device (LAD) in young children is an adequate and feasible model of language acquisition, this paper answers that LAD should be reformulated so as to include semantics; that "informant presentation" rather than "text presentation" is responsible for language…

Evidence from studies of memory for meaningful materials such as sentences and prose passages is reviewed in this paper with emphasis on its implications for the nature of the memory representation. It is argued that models of memory which involve the retrieval of stored copies of originally presented material cannot account for two crucial…

A total of 47 6-year-old children listened to stories after which they either constructed pictorial representations of those stories from a set of backgrounds and cut-out figures and objects, or they spent equivalent time classifying geometric figures. The pictorial elaboration task inhibited recall of the stories. This contrasts with results…

This study was concerned with the effect of subsuming concepts on student achievement and the interaction effect of subsumers with high and low organizing ability. One hundred forty-three subjects (Ss), enrolled in six sections of a class in undergraduate chemistry, were administered an organizing ability test and rank ordered according to the…

This study examined the effects of overt illustration on first graders' learning from oral prose. In all experiments, children heard prose selections, after (or during) which they illustrated selection content with plasticized figure cutouts and background scenes. Control subjects copied or colored geometric forms during the illustration period.…

The pre- and posttestings of 30 emotionally disturbed children (median age 10.3 years) provided with short term residential services (median stay 8.2 months) in a mental health facility were evaluated to determine if there were a significant time rate of change in mastery learning and if the significant factors could be identified. The test…

The purpose of the study was to investigate the magnitude of individual differences in time-to-criterion and the stability of these differences. Time-to-criterion was defined in two ways: the amount of elapsed time required to attain the criterion level and the amount of on-task time required to attain the criterion level. Ninety students were…

"COM-MAND" represents the application of behavior modification concepts to the study, management, and control of behavior within a more traditional group therapy context. The emphasis of this system is on behavior, and is predicated on the learning/educational model. The therapist functions merely as an instructor, conducting a variety of…

In this document, the author: (1) describes a two-year study of cross-age teaching; (2) identifies six stages that children go through in learning to teach; (3) applies those stages to case studies of two tutors--one failure and one success; and (4) discusses the implications of the stages for the role of the supervisor in helping children to…