English has by tradition been the major and official language used in Australia. Dependence upon Southern British norms of correctness has only gradually been eroded, and the establishment of Australian norms to replace them has been equally gradual. Agencies of language standardization do function in Australia and formulate on an ongoing basis…

This study of language development was intended to chart the developmental course of the spontaneous use of negatives and affirmatives by 1 1/2 - 3-year-olds in response to true or false statements concerning familiar objects, properties, and actions. Forty children, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months of age, were assessed for knowledge of the words used…

In a survey of the Maori population of New Zealand, it was determined that the use of Maori is in alarming but not irreversible decline. The decline is most evident in urban areas, where Maori speakers face pressures from an English-speaking majority. Younger Maori were generally found to be less proficient than their older relatives. Even rural…

The assessment of teacher attitudes toward nonstandard dialects in the classroom is the major focus of this research. A Black English attitudes test was developed consisting of the "Black English Speech Varieties Attitude Test" and the "Black English Teacher Attitude Scale." The speech varieties test measures attitudes toward standard and…

This pamphlet is the fourth in a series of ten stemming from the view that language is central to learning, that teachers can gain insights into their work and into learning by examining the language of the classroom, and that current language theory can be the means to such insights. The pamphlet presents a case study of a third grade student…

This pamphlet is the sixth in a series of ten stemming from the view that language is central to learning, that teachers can gain insights into their work and into learning by examining the language of the classroom, and that current language theory can be the means to such insights. The pamphlet outlines a students-helping-students program for…

THIS COLLECTION OF LANGUAGE UNITS FOR GRADES 7-12 WAS PREPARED TO MAKE AVAILABLE, TO BOTH TEACHERS AND STUDENTS, MATERIALS DEMONSTRATING SOME OF THE INTERESTING SUBJECT MATTERS OF LANGUAGE. UNITS CONTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF COURSE CONTENT AND SUCCESSFUL TEACHING METHODS, SUGGESTED DISCUSSION QUESTIONS, AND EXERCISES FOR THE TEACHER'S USE IN PRESENTING…

This report summarizes the work completed and outlines the plans for future research of an ongoing research program of the department of psychology at Wayne State University. The program is concerned with the identification and description of cross-cultural and developmental differences in the conceptualization and linguistic expression of…

This report is a discussion of British Columbia 10th-grade English "resource courses" designed to allow some freedom to teachers in the selection of texts and other instructional materials. Items discussed are the concept of the resource course and its application to English literature, the evaluation of achievement in literature,…

TO SECURE A BETTER ALIGNMENT OF THEIR MENTAL PICTURES WITH "EXTERNAL REALITY," MEN NEED TO PAY CLOSER ATTENTION TO WORD MEANING, PARTICULARLY WHEN CONVEYING INFORMATION ABOUT A CULTURE DIFFERENT FROM THEIR OWN. THE TRANSFER OF MEANING WITHOUT CONFUSION WILL OCCUR MORE READILY IF THE FOLLOWING POINTS FROM GENERAL SEMANTICS ARE KEPT IN MIND--(1) "NO…

A bulletin consists of two articles on the language development of disadvantaged children. The opposing positions of language teachers on the "correct" approach to teaching standard English are outlined in one of the articles. On one side are those who favor creativity and freedom of expression while on the other side are the "purists" who are…

This study (partially supported by an ESEA Title III Grant) of the written composition of 190 above-average children in grades 3-6 was carried out to determine whether those children who were taught selected concepts of invention, arrangement, and style over a period of 8 months would demonstrate significant improvement in composition or sentence…

Bipartite and tripartite Russian proverbs are analyzed in terms of devices of repetition. Major attention is given to formulaic devices, including correlative, contrastive, and conjunctive formulas. Grammatical and phonetic devices are also discussed. An argument is advanced for the basic binary division of the Russian proverb, since even…

This study tries to establish a baseline for the teaching of the French subjunctive in the United States and to encourage further scholarship by summarizing past activities. Distinctive subjunctive structures were extracted from 18 French newspapers and magazines and 15 recorded, non-directed interviews with native informants, thus providing…

This booklet is designed to give Oklahoma school administrators some basic understanding of the rationale behind bilingual-bicultural education, and some guidance in implementing such programs. The beginning sections are aimed at explaining bilingual programs from a historical, sociological, and linguistic point of view. The remaining sections of…