Public school supervision in the United States has been historically influenced by its roots in western Europe and unique characteristics of the American educational system. Much history of school supervision describes it as a series of disjointed and unrelated events. And supervision appears to simply reflect greater social and educational…

The Effective Supervision Guide (ESG), which organizes data generated during monitoring sessions in student teaching, is based on clear goal setting and feedback and provides student teachers and supervisors the opportunity to identify problem behaviors, prioritize the problem behaviors according to the degree of importance in terms of effective…

The theory and practice of supervision developed during a period in which the legitimization of any enterprise was most effectively sought through appeals to science and scientific methods for problem-solving. The failure of scientific discipline to develop conclusively effective theories in many social fields, including supervision, suggests that…

This report describes teacher response to selected aspects of supervision as it exists for teachers in grades one through four in one Georgia school system. Teachers were surveyed to determine their responses to assistance provided by a supervisor to individual teachers or groups of teachers through activities relevant to teacher development,…

Historically, a close working relationship has existed between psychology and management. The holistic approach emerging in psychology from Lazarus' multimodal model will have a major impact on management practices, ultimately leading to the development of multidmodal management. The scientific psychology most managers are familiar with was based…

The review of the literature on supervision research in Human Communication Disorders examined papers given at the national conventions of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) from 1972 to 1987, dissertations from 1965 to 1987, and professional journals from 1972 to 1987. Patterns and trends in the conference presentations are…

This monograph describes peer supervision as a helping relationship rather than an evaluative one. The need for peer supervision is discussed, and how to start such a program is described. Some practical issues are considered. Suggestions are made on funding and institutionalizing a peer supervision program. Eight brief case histories of peer…

As instructional supervisors for their buildings, principals must know how and when to supervise teachers so that the mutual goal of instructional improvement can be attained. This study investigates the differences between public junior high school teachers' perceptions of principals' actual supervisory behaviors and their preferences for…

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between teachers' perceptions of the supervisory conference as measured by the "Supervisory Conference Rating" (SCR) and the zones of indifference as measured by the "Zones of Indifference Instrument" (ZII). The SCR and the ZII were responded to by 159 teachers from 5 selected schools in…

This manual contains information designed to help supervisors make new, young workers productive in a short period of time. Intended as a memory aid and checklist of supervisory responsibilities and factors to consider in different situations, the manual contains tips and checklists on supervision and elements of good supervisory practice.…

Schools of the Dallas Independent School District have developed procedures to implement and monitor school improvement measures. The district aims to improve student achievement in four areas: functional literacy, mathematics, reading, and basic language arts. Participants in instructional improvement include teachers, principals, administrators,…

A study examined whether rhetorical sensitivity--a goal-directed way of thinking about communication, emphasizing rhetorical invention adapted to both audience and situation--was practiced and useful in supervisory communication. Data were collected from two manufacturing plants, three libraries, and two hospital nursing departments. The…

The role of the project supervisor in implementing the Follow Through program's Direct Instruction Model is described in this report. The two most important aspects of effective supervision are identified as training and monitoring. The report first describes workshop training, focusing on twelve general conditions for instruction and four…

The process of teacher supervision is treated in detail in this paper, as it affects both the supervisor and the teacher. In the first section, the domain and assumptions of the supervision process are defined. Next, a format for providing individual supervisory assistance to improve classroom effectiveness is described. In the last section, five…

This literature review presents a concise chronology of supervision as it evolved on the American scene. It is emphasized that supervision has a unique definition for each user. Supervision in America evolved out of a basic school pattern inherited from the European school system. The early definition and concept of this position was vague. The…