Wage discrimination by gender in reemployment was examined by decomposing the wage gap upon reemployment. Results suggest that employers are using discriminatory hiring practices that are less likely to be detected and harder to prove in court. (SK)

A survey of 462 British women in science/engineering, law, accounting, and nursing demonstrated the need for, and effectiveness of, specialized professional retraining for women returning to higher-level occupations. Investment in their education, such as through the European Social Fund, benefits both the women and the economy. (SK)

Reentry workers with multiple sclerosis (n=23) participated with employers and rehabilitation counselors in training seminars; 14 received traditional job search intervention. After 16 weeks, 11 of the 37 had reentered the labor force. Most already had high self-efficacy and career maturity. (SK)

Many retired persons return to work, to some extent, following their retirement. Data from the 1982 New Beneficiary Survey (NBS) of 4,212 women and 5,307 men were examined to determine the employment of retired-worker beneficiaries who were working 18-30 months after first receiving retired-worker benefits. According to the NBS data, over…

Suggests ways that the Job Training Partnership Act can serve as a local labor force development tool. Besides assisting "hardcore unemployed," education can take a proactive role, keeping up with the technology and needs of business and industry. In return, business and industry must support education with state-of-the-art machinery and…

The unemployed are a varied group; being unemployed may be related more to individual circumstances than the overall state of the economy. The unemployed are discussed in terms of job-losers, job-leavers, new entrants (job searching for the first time), reentrants, age groups, minority groups, and the discouraged worker. (SR)

Findings of a survey of British female solicitors (n=85), including those returning to the labor market, contradict economic rationality theory. The professional legal culture is conceptualized as male, and women who have taken career breaks encounter obstacles not overcome by training that prepares them for reentry. (SK)

Data from the 1993 National Survey of College Graduates show that women are increasingly attracted to the field of law, possibly because of its favorable economic factors, such as relatively high earnings early in the career and ease of reentry after periods of nonparticipation in the labor force. (Contains 30 references.) (JOW)

Study of 72 displaced engineers in a retraining program showed that better training performance led to more successful employment outcomes; higher career motivation was related to lower training behavior and outcomes; and more experienced workers were less able to cope with change and had less positive outcomes. (SK)

Reduced form equations performed on data from the Employment Opportunities Pilot Projects found that many employed and unemployed job seekers reject at least one offer before accepting a job. Most accept an offer with a wage below the estimated reservation wage. (SK)

Links self-efficacy theory with job club methodology by presenting a case study that measured changes in self-efficacy as a result of welfare recipients' participation in a job club. The job club enhanced each of four sources of job search expectations postulated by Bandura (1977, 1982) and resulted in return to work for all participants.…

Structured interviews with 12 university employees 55 and older (faculty, administrators, civil service) indicated that some work past the age of retirement eligibility, some retire, and some reenter the work force after retirement. Aging was experienced differently depending on gender, position, and ethnicity. Policies rewarding those who stay or…

Counseling reentry dual-career women using a cognitive development framework begins at the individual's level of cognitive functioning and assists in the creation of new cognitive frameworks within the context of sex-role socialization and gender bias. The goal is a new self-concept, awareness of multiple roles, and effective coping skills. (SK)

Community-based organizations provide special services and opportunities to women training for nontraditional occupations. (JOW)

The real retraining of the American work force will not come about through massive, federally operated job training programs. It will come about only when employers are able to look forward to a promising economic future that requires highly trained and motivated employees and that offers real jobs. (Author/SSH)