Recognition errors of children in Grades 2, 4, and 6 were examined. Subjects learned words under intentional or incidental instructions and were tested immediately or 48 hours later. Subjects had to choose a target word from among acoustic, conceptual, associative and neutral distractors. The immediate recognition of 2nd-grade subjects was…

Five papers dealing with social and institutional changes in special education have been selected from those presented at the CEC Northwest Regional Conference (Vancouver, British Columbia, October 21-24, 1970). Samuel Laycock discusses the importance of self concept in the development of exceptional children while Samuel Ashcroft comments upon…

During an analysis of the nature of the curricular-instructional process of US higher education, faculty members were classified into 5 prototypes based on their styles of teaching. The recitation class teacher limits the process of reasoning by students. The content-centered faculty member helps his students to master what "knowledgeable" people…

Our educational system is traditional and backward-looking, and it produces students who cannot deal with change. It consists of an irrelevant, structured "subject matter" system where subject matter knowledge is the end goal, a paradox in an age of change. Traditional classroom organization must be eliminated (including grades, desks, courses,…

Forty-two college undergraduates, 28 women and 14 men, were classified as analytic, categorical, or relational according to their responses on the Sigel Cognitive Style Test and were randomly assigned to verbal or pictorial conditions. The subjects were presented a series of slides involving the paired association of 9 three-letter nonsense…

Various manners of presenting two vocabularies were compared in terms of rate of learning and amount of immediate and delayed retention. Four concurrent and two consecutive conditions were used, each comprising two sets of symbols (nonsense syllables distinguished by a color cue) associated with a common set of referents (nonsense forms). Twenty…

Common approaches to ordering the curriculum content of a scholastic discipline include a hierarchical structuring of the discipline's major concepts and a view of inquiry as learners solving problems. Other approaches include logical prerequisite, concept inclusion, generalization, concept interrelationship, chronology, and subject matter.…

The acceleration of educational research has resulted in an array of concepts, research instruments, and methods which demand clarification and integration, because new conditions and assumptions have been introduced without considering their effect upon the educational process. Special attention needs to be given to the development of evaluation…

To investigate how a child organizes new objects and how categories function for a chid, twelve 6- and twelve 8-year-olds were individually given several sorting tasks involving 21 three-dimensional nonsense objects. The child was exposed to all the objects; three objects were pointed out and withdrawn; and then the child was asked to describe…

Much current disaffection among university administrators comes from the preoccupation of higher education with structure and its inability to deal seriously with PROCESS. "This paper is an attempt to develop a new conception of a college in which process and individuality predominate, and structure and system are seen as means to…

Problems of adult basic education in the United States, symptomatic of the connection between poverty, poor education, and unemployment, have forged for the disadvantaged adult most of the links in the unbreakable chain of deprivation, frustration, and despair. The problem of ESOL (English for Speakers of Other Languages) instruction is…

This study was designed to identify those science concepts and mathematical skills that may be the source of student difficulty in learning chemistry as developed by the Chemical Education Materials Study (CHEMS). The instruments utilized were four Achievement Tests prepared by CHEMS. Each test item was analyzed to determine the concepts and/or…

Although critical thinking is a pervasive educational objective, it remains inconsistently and imperfectly defined. The present paper attempts to sort out direct attempts at defining critical thinking. Such definitions are classified as representing one of three differing points of view: critical thinking as evaluation, critical thinking as…

This study examined the effects of verbal and perceptual aspects of learner aptitudes in relation to inspection behavior performed while learning from written materials containing two modes of instructional content. Specific predictions were based on the theoretical consideration that requirements of different modes of instructional content were…

Theories of language acquisition which emphasize the role of imitation, reinforcement, inheritance, and the active involvement of the child himself in the language acquisition process are discussed in this paper. The three major theories are: (1) the behavioristic theory which asserts that children learn their language through imitation of…