Discussed are some issues and queries about research in language and language acquisition. In particular, the area of inquiry is the logic subjacent to communication. In question here are the foundations of communication. What, if anything, underlies language? The unorthodox position developed in this paper has ambitious assumptions and slim…

A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF RESEARCH STUDIES ON KINDERGARTEN EDUCATION REPORTED BETWEEN 1923 AND 1964 IS DIVIDED INTO FOUR ANNOTATED SECTIONS. THE FIRST LISTING DEALS WITH VALUES IN KINDERGARTEN EDUCATION--AS A FACTOR IN ADJUSTMENT, ACHIEVEMENT, AND PROGRESS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, AS A FACTOR IN READING ACHIEVEMENT AND IN PREDICTION OF READING SUCCESS.…

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CERTAIN INTELLECTUAL PROCESSES AND ACHIEVEMENT OF INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES FOR SELECTED MATHEMATICS TOPICS TAUGHT IN THE HIGHER ELEMENTARY GRADES WERE EXAMINED. INSTRUMENTS WERE CHOSEN TO ASSESS MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT AND INTELLECTUAL PROCESSES. THESE WERE ADMINISTERED BY CLASSROOM TEACHERS TO 765 STUDENTS IN THE FOURTH,…

The purpose of this research was to determine young children's comprehension of selected TV program content. The subjects were 210 children in grades K-2. All subjects in groups of five, were shown segments from four TV programs: a scalloped potatoes commercial, a "Batman" and Robin episode, a news story on the MIG-25 and a segment of the…

The most pressing problems of research on minority groups have not received adequate attention. One such problem is that of identification and understanding of the mechanisms of learning facility and learning dysfunction and the implications of both for the optimum development of heterogeneous populations. Secondly, in contrast to the body of…

In examining the findings of "Pygmalion in the Classroom," an experimental study of the positive effects of favorable teacher expectations on the intellectual development of disadvantaged elementary school students, this review speculates about why the experimental students, whom the teachers expected to improve, and the control…

Literature can play a prominent part in revitalizing the teaching of English because it can provide students with both immediate and future rewards. As an immediate reward, literature allows students to imaginatively experience situations which they have not yet encountered. It thus acts acts as a liberating force for young people from the…

High student participation in the activity program has to be a goal of every secondary school administrator and activities adviser. After all, the activities program cannot perform its valuable function unless it meets the interests of as many students as possible. High participation, however, is easier to state as a goal than to achieve in…

This paper deals with two fundamental problems that are embedded in the evaluation of school practices: (1) attributing value to outcome measures, and (2) attributing outcomes to particular practices. Ways of generating evidence regarding the value of an outcome are discussed, particularly longitudinal research that clarifies the causal relations…

This study examined the stability and across time changes on mean scores on eight educational outcomes including cognitive and non-cognitive areas as measured by the Pennsylvania Grade 5 Educational Quality Assessment Inventory. Data, collected on children tested as fifth graders in 1969 and retested in 1971 and 1973, are presented separately for…

The major purpose of this paper is to initiate discussion on the validity of systematic phonemics in the area of language acquisition. This is not an attempt to write a phonology, but rather an outline of some theoretical and formal devices that may be used for gaining insight into the phonological system of the child. An evaluation procedure…

Since the 1950's there has been a tremendous shift in the way language and language behavior is viewed. The shift is characterized as a general movement away from surface observation and analysis to attempts at the description and analysis of underlying linguistic forms. The interest in underlying linguistic forms has, in a rather natural way, led…

It is useful to place the development of educational research within the context of the historical development of scientific research as a whole. The work of Whitehead, Northrop, Toulmin, and, especially, Kuhn suggests the value of viewing research as a social process through which ideas and intellectual techniques are diffused. It is useful for…

To determine to what extent children of preschool age comprehend the meaning of logical connectives, 64 5- and 6-year-olds were told to hand differently colored and shaped wooden blocks to an experimenter. The commands involved various English idioms used for conjunction (e.g. both black and round), disjunction (either black or round), and…