Describes the alternating and mixed use of Swedish and Finnish in a company in the bilingual city of Vasa, Finland. Tradition, language knowledge of the employees, and occasional factors determine use in internal routines. Use is largely free from conflict, given that most employees know the other national language. (Author/PJM)

Stresses the importance of the language role in education in general and in social studies education in particular. Suggests that social studies teachers might improve learning among their students if they accepted the concept that reading skills are within their responsibility and their competence. (DB)

Discusses second language learning in the context of linguistic and societal needs of the learner. (AM)

Offers suggestions for using Marxist interpretations of dialectics to begin clarifying the act of rhetorical criticism. Considers three basic interpretations of the dialectic coexisting in the writings of contemporary Marxists: dialectics as a mode of thought, of description, and of discourse. (JMF)

Outlines the language planning situation in Australia, makes a case for the establishment of a national language policy, and discusses the steps that must be undertaken if a successful policy is to be achieved. (AM)

Discusses the status of Creoles and their role in the education system of Creole-speaking countries, particularly those Creoles based on and competing with French. (AM)

The efforts of missionaries may have been uncoordinated and their objectives unnecessarily limited but they reduced the Yoruba language to writing, analyzed its grammar, and, through translations and compositions, laid the foundation for its literature. (Author/IRT)

Discusses student reaction to how fairy tales should begin and proceed and the language choices authors make when adapting fairy tales. Cites several different versions of "The Frog Prince" and describes them. Discusses students' own versions. Gives questions for stimulating student response to "The Frog Prince." (PA)

Two educators discuss the role literature plays in the English as a Second Language (ESL) classroom. One emphasizes that literary texts are a source for classroom activities that can motivate learners. The other points out that the English writings of ESL students about their travels and friends published in newsletters and journals generate…

Discusses the role of Anglo-Norman in the history of French and English. Points out that evidence exists to indicate that the French used in England between the Norman Conquest and the end of the fourteenth century is a more complex subject than current writing on the subject suggests, especially in regard to the history of the English language.…

Provides historical context for discussions of language planning in postcolonial societies by focusing on policies that have influenced language in three former British colonies. Suggests British colonialism, along with the emergence of America in the 20th century, is the main reason for the global role played by English today and an indispensable…

Demonstrates that literacy practices may be more usefully viewed when situated in the larger contexts within which they exist. Examines the impact of social, cultural, and linguistic factors on oral reading in China's elementary schools. (SR)

Presents a rationale for teaching communication to graduate business students as a process--a means through which students communicate their knowledge of management, marketing, finance, accounting, etc., rather than strictly a subject matter or product. Argues that communication skills can be maintained only if reinforced through the curriculum.…

Questions pedagogical frameworks that perpetuate semantic properties and representations of meanings that no longer hold true in changing classroom realities. Proposes the need for learning new languages, for speaking through a more dialogical, metonymic back and forth movement in the discourse of classrooms. (PM)

An Australian campaign to promote French second-language instruction uses the motto, "Big Bucks with a Little French." The campaign accompanies publication of the book "French in Australia: New Prospects," which seeks to reinforce and diversify the image of French and its use around the world, for business and pleasure. (MSE)