Third-, fourth-, and fifth-graders who received training in recognition of context clues performed significantly better than controls on tests of reading skills. (GW)

Classifies authoring languages for computer assisted instructional lessons according to a taxonomy based on the hierarchy commonly used for computer languages--the lowest level being the code used by the machine itself and higher levels successively more removed from the machine language. (Author/JJD)

Describes the work by Silvio Ceccato regarding machine translation systems and procedures, exploring such aspects of his work as functional philosophical approaches to machine translation, notional spheres, correlational analysis, and type classifications. Ceccato envisioned many of the methods that are now being applied in machine translation…

Describes a new data compression technique that utilizes the common morphological structure of languages. Topics include classification of languages and their morphological structure; structured text compression; the algorithm and an example using Turkish; theoretical implications; and implementation. (LRW)

Demonstrates that two Tungusic languages, Evenki and Oroqen, that have long been treated as a single language for classification purposes, are better treated as distinct linguistic varieties. Fundamental questions are raised about the current classification of Tungusic languages and a renewed examination is suggested of the role of dialect…

It is argued that viewing learners' errors as evidence for the emergence of new varieties of the English language is dangerously mistaken, particularly where it leads to the abandonment of Standard English as a model for learners. It is shown how this view is mistaken by: (1) citing recent British thinking on the relationship of varieties of…

THE 12 BIBLIOGRAPHIES WHICH MAKE UP THIS COLLECTION WERE COMPILED BY MR. TROIKE'S STUDENTS IN A GRADUATE-LEVEL COURSE IN AMERICAN INDIAN LANGUAGES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, 1966-67. LANGUAGE FAMILIES INCLUDED ARE--(1) NA-DENE, (2) NAVAHO, (3) ALGONQUIAN, (4) UTO-AZTECAN, (5) SIOUAN, (6) IROQUIAN, (7) MAYAN, (8) MIXTEC, (9) QUECHUMARAN…

The schema generally used to describe the linguistic situation in Italy includes two categories: dialetto regionale (regional dialect) and italiano regionale (regional Italian). These stand apart from the widely accepted sociolinguistic model "variety--dialect--language." It is demonstrated that both these categories should be treated…

Sociolinguistic research on varieties of language and language variation, along with the necessity for meeting "equivalence" in terms of the appropriateness of the variety to the context have been well recognized in the formulation of a translation theory. However, the treatment of variation has always been restricted to dialect and has not…

Research accomplished in connection with the Southeastern Indian Language Project and supported by a grant to the University of Georgia from the National Science Foundation. (RS)

Discussion of the use of computers in Slavonic studies in the Ukraine focuses on linguistics. Topics addressed include the Machine Fund of Russian, a Russian language database; the Machine Fund of Non-Russian Languages that includes each republic of the former Soviet Union; natural language processing; and comparing languages. (18 references) (LRW)

This study assessed the invariance in the factor structure of the "Test of English as a Foreign Language"™ Internet-based test (TOEFL® iBT) across subgroups of test takers who differed in native language and exposure to the English language. The subgroups were defined by (a) Indo-European and Non-Indo-European language family, (b)…

In this study of the placement of sentence negation in third language acquisition (L3), we argue that there is a qualitative difference between the acquisition of a true second language (L2) and the subsequent acquisition of an L3. Although there is considerable evidence for L2 influence on vocabulary acquisition in L3, not all researchers believe…

Argues that Charles Morris' division of signs into syntactics, semantics and pragmatics is too rigid. The line between pragmatics and semantics is not sharp, and a language theory is needed that can predict and explain borderline cases without forcing them into arbitrary established categories. (CHK)

Discusses the stratification and specialization of common language into sublanguages for various spheres of activity and the introduction of the sublanguages into different language boundaries. (CK)